Optogenetics, Tools and Applications in Neurobiology

Mahmoudi, Parisa; Veladi, Hadi; Pakdel, Firooz Ghaderi

doi:10.4103/2228-7477.205506

Cited by 47 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Selective manipulation of neuronal activity will then be useful for dissecting the activity requirement for transmitter switching in vivo. To achieve this goal, optogenetic stimulation (Mahmoudi et al, 2017) or chemogenetic stimulation (Sternson and Roth, 2014) of neurons with channelrhodopsins (ChRs) or designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDS) can be combined with the use of genetically encoded reporters (Fig. 1D) to artificially induce switching through activity manipulation.…”

Section: Molecular Regulation Of Neurotransmitter Switchingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decoding Neurotransmitter Switching: The Road Forward

Pratelli

Godavarthi

et al. 2020

J. Neurosci.

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Neurotransmitter switching is a form of brain plasticity in which an environmental stimulus causes neurons to replace one neurotransmitter with another, often resulting in changes in behavior. This raises the possibility of applying a specific environmental stimulus to induce a switch that can enhance a desirable behavior or ameliorate symptoms of a specific pathology. For example, a stimulus inducing an increase in the number of neurons expressing dopamine could treat Parkinson's disease, or one affecting the number expressing serotonin could alleviate depression. This may already be producing successful treatment outcomes without our knowing that transmitter switching is involved, with improvement of motor function through physical activity and cure of seasonal depression with phototherapy. This review presents prospects for future investigation of neurotransmitter switching, considering opportunities and challenges for future research and describing how the investigation of transmitter switching is likely to evolve with new tools, thus reshaping our understanding of both normal brain function and mental illness.

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Section: Molecular Regulation Of Neurotransmitter Switchingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decoding Neurotransmitter Switching: The Road Forward

Pratelli

Godavarthi

et al. 2020

J. Neurosci.

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“…For more than a decade, optogenetics has been widely employed to investigate a variety of neural mechanisms in neuroscience studies [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Unlike conventional electrophysiological methods, optogenetic techniques utilize light to control the activity of genetically modified neurons expressing light-activated opsin proteins.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implantable Optrode Array for Optogenetic Modulation and Electrical Neural Recording

et al. 2021

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During the last decade, optogenetics has become an essential tool for neuroscience research due to its unrivaled feature of cell-type-specific neuromodulation. There have been several technological advances in light delivery devices. Among them, the combination of optogenetics and electrophysiology provides an opportunity for facilitating optogenetic approaches. In this study, a novel design of an optrode array was proposed for realizing optical modulation and electrophysiological recording. A 4 × 4 optrode array and five-channel recording electrodes were assembled as a disposable part, while a reusable part comprised an LED (light-emitting diode) source and a power line. After the characterization of the intensity of the light delivered at the fiber tips, in vivo animal experiment was performed with transgenic mice expressing channelrhodopsin, showing the effectiveness of optical activation and neural recording.

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“…This method allows for a more temporal resolution to analyze a particular neural circuit operation in various diseases. Newly found opsins are sensitive to higher wavelengths (Mahmoudi et al, 2017). Cumulative research from both humans and animals indicates that anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is critical for pain-related perception and therefore, a possible focus for painrelated therapy (Gu et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of optogenetics in pain management

V¹,

Jeevitha²,

Santhanam³

2020

ijrps

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Optogenetics is a biological technique that involves the use of light to control genetically modified neurons to express the channels of light-sensitive Ions. Optogenetics can also be referred to as Optical monitoring of neuronal activity in non-neuronal cells, and control of biochemical pathways. Optogenetics is less invasive than electrical stimulation response time in optogenetics is comparatively faster than other treatments. Chronic pain affects one-third of the population, and current treatments cause limited relief and serious side effects. An alternative approach to pain reduction would be the direct modulation of somatosensory pathways using optogenetics. Optogenetic treatment can be a very effective way to relieve chronic pain while avoiding conventional pain medicine's side effects. The use of optogenetics in pain management has greatly accelerated over the last decade. This review discusses the versatility of different optogenetic tools and its effective applications in the field of medicine.

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Optogenetics, Tools and Applications in Neurobiology

Cited by 47 publications

References 59 publications

Decoding Neurotransmitter Switching: The Road Forward

Decoding Neurotransmitter Switching: The Road Forward

Implantable Optrode Array for Optogenetic Modulation and Electrical Neural Recording

Role of optogenetics in pain management

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