Orbital Fractures

Kachniarz, Bartlomiej; Grant, Michael; Dorafshar, Amir H.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-49755-8.00017-7

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Hence, the state prefers to subsidize their activities than closing them down. More than half of the Polish healthcare entities are owned by districts, and many have financial problems (Kachniarz, 2008). Therefore, Bolton and Scharfstein's (1996) findings are valid.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Although the previous studies analyzed soft budget constraints in Polish public organisations (Babczuk, 2008;Kachniarz, 2008), they did not comprehensively examine the direction and dynamics of soft budget constraint occurrence in Polish public hospitals and other public healthcare entities. This study fills out this gap and analyses whether adopted laws influence the soft budget constraint occurrence in public healthcare entities.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soft budget constraints in Polish public healthcare entities

Dobrowolski

Sługocki

Kachniarz

et al. 2023

Public and Municipal Finance

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Although the theory of soft budget constraints is widely presented in the literature, little is known about the factors of soft budget constraints in public hospitals in Poland. This study is relevant because many Polish hospitals struggle with serious debt problems. The study aims to systematise the regulatory and legal provision of soft budget restrictions in the activities of healthcare institutions, particularly public hospitals in Poland, and to assess the impact of these restrictions on their further functioning. An analysis of hospitals’ regulatory and legal activities shows the implementation of various soft budget restrictions. On November 20, 2019, Poland returned to the soft budget constraints, which functioned immediately after the introduction of reforms in the late 90s of the last century. As of 2021, out-of-pocket costs for treatment have decreased to 19.56%, but costs are gradually increasing and in 2020, according to the World Bank, they amounted to 71.89%. The provision of medical services mainly by public hospitals owned by local governments and scattered healthcare debt make it difficult to liquidate an inefficient public hospital in the event of its default. The study proves that the main reason for not eliminating the soft budgetary constraints of hospitals through their commercialization was the inconsistency of the carried out reform of commercialization of hospitals with the financial condition of local authorities. AcknowledgmentThe authors thank the Institute of Economic and Financial Expertise in Łódź for financial support in publishing this paper.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soft budget constraints in Polish public healthcare entities

Dobrowolski

Sługocki

Kachniarz

et al. 2023

Public and Municipal Finance

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…1,2 The incidence varies with demographic and socioeconomic factors. 3 Three main fracture patterns are described.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Patient-specific Implants for Orbital Fractures: A Systematic Review

Maher

Hall

Gwini

et al. 2021

Ophthalmic Plastic &Amp; Reconstructive Surgery

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Purpose: Orbital fractures are common facial fractures that can be challenging to repair and require careful attention to avoid unacceptable ophthalmic complications. Customized implants that are unique to an individual patient, or patientspecific implants (PSIs), have been increasingly used to repair orbital wall fractures. This systematic review summarizes the current evidence regarding custom-made orbital wall implants.Methods: A keyword search of published literature from January 2010 to September 2021 was performed using Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library databases. Original articles that included more than 3 human subjects with an orbital fracture repaired with a PSI were included. The search results were reviewed, duplicates were removed and relevant articles were included for analysis.Results: Fifteen articles meeting the inclusion criteria. The articles were categorized into 3 separate groups based on the method of PSI fabrication: manual molding of a PSI on a 3D-printed orbital model (53%), directly from a 3D printer (27%), or via a template fabricated from a 3D printer (20%). Three primary postoperative outcomes were assessed: rates of diplopia, enophthalmos, and orbital volume. Postoperative rates of diplopia and enophthalmos improved regardless of the PSI technique, and postoperative orbital volumes were reduced compared with their preoperative state. When PSIs were compared to conventional implants, patient outcomes were comparable.Conclusions: This review of existing PSI orbital implant literature highlights that while PSI can accurately and safely repair orbital fractures, patient outcomes are largely comparable to orbital fractures repaired by conventional methods, and PSI do not offer a definitive benefit over conventional implants.

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Fundamentals of Orbital Fractures

Cienfuegos-Monroy

2024

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Fundamentals

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Orbital Fractures

Cited by 3 publications

References 48 publications

Soft budget constraints in Polish public healthcare entities

Soft budget constraints in Polish public healthcare entities

Patient-specific Implants for Orbital Fractures: A Systematic Review

Fundamentals of Orbital Fractures

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