Ordered Ferroelectric Lead Titanate Nanocellular Structure by Conversion of Anodic TiO₂ Nanotubes

Abstract

The novel synthesis of ferroelectric perovskite PbTiO3 layers is reported. For that, anodic self‐organized TiO2 nanotubes are used as a template for deposition of Pb inside the nanotubes. Upon thermal annealing, the filled template is converted to desired perovskite structure with nanocellular architecture. This approach could be advantageously used for synthesis of other piezoelectric or composite materials.

TiO2‐Nanoröhren: Synthese und Anwendungen

“…[314][315][316][317][318] Auch wenn dieser Ansatz vergleichsweise erfolgreich war, gibt es Bedenken, dass die Hochdruckumgebung im Autoklaven die Anbindung der Titanatröhren an den Oberflächen schwächt, weshalb nach alternativen Ansätzen zur Umwandlung von selbstorganisierten TiO 2 -Nanoröhren zu PbTiO 3 gesucht wurde. [317] Zum Beispiel wurde Pb elektrochemisch in die TiO 2 -Nanoröhrenanordnung abgeschieden und anschließend thermisch behandelt. Mit diesem Ansatz wurden hoch geordnete, piezoelektrische nanozelluläre PbTiO 3 -Schichten mit gleichmäßiger Struktur und definierten Abmessungen über weite Oberflächenbereiche erhalten.…”

Enhancement of the capacitance in TiO2 nanotubes through controlled introduction of oxygen vacancies

“…Recently, TiO 2 nanotube arrays have attracted much attention in charging storage systems because of their capacity to offer high surface area and greatly improved electron transfer pathways compared with non-oriented structures, which favour higher charge propagation in active materials. 16,[18][19][20][21][22][23] Anodic oxidation of titanium foil, extensively studied, [24][25][26] offers a convenient way to achieve highly ordered and suitably back-connected titania nanotube layers on the substrate, so that the combination can be used directly as a binder-free supercapacitor electrode. The highly ordered material structure offers the advantages of (i) more direct transport pathways uninterrupted by interparticle connections and (ii) the possibility to form surface electrical fields, which should reduce recombination by confining the injected electrons to the central zone of the tubes.…”

Self-organized Anodic TiO2 Nanotubes: Functionalities and Applications Due to a Secondary Material

“…In these two reports [19,42], the goal was to initiate the deposition of nuclei at the bottom of the tube and then to continuously fill up the tubes from this point, which is in particular comparably easy if the tube walls are insulating and a conductive bottoms can be established.…”

“…3.5. The as-deposited Pb nanotubes were thermally converted into Ferroelectric Lead Titanate Nanocellular Structure with interesting piezoelectric response [42]. A complete conversion of TiO 2 to PbTiO 3 was achieved by tailored thermal [19] treatment at 550°C in air.…”