Organ Absorbed Doses and Effective Doses to the Patient and the Medical Staff in Interventional Radiology Calculated from Voxel Phantom

Abstract

In this study, organ absorbed doses and effective doses to patient and medical staff during interventional radiological procedures were estimated using voxel phantom, Korean Typical Man-2 (KTMAN-2). Four projections of cardiac catheterization were simulated for dose calculation by Monte Carlo technique. The parameters of x-ray source and exposure conditions were obtained from literature data. Calculated doses were normalized to dose area product (DAP). The effective doses per DAP of patient were between 0.1 and 0.5 mSv Gy -1 cm -2. The results were compared with those derived from stylized phantom. KTMAN-2 received up to 105 % higher effective doses than stylized phantom. The dose differences were mainly caused by more realistic internal topology of KTMAN-2 compared to stylized phantom. For postero-anterior projection, organ absorbed dose per DAP to patient and cardiologist were calculated simultaneously. Absorbed doses per DAP of adipose tissue, lens, muscle, skin and thyroids of cardiologist were up to 0.01 mGy Gy -1 cm -2. Doses to adipose tissue, muscle and skin within hand or neck would be much higher than calculated values. The results of this study showed that voxel phantoms are more suitable for dose assessment of lying patients undergoing the interventional radiology.