Organic nitrogen in Hawaiian rain and aerosol

Cornell, SE; Mace, Kimberly A.; Coeppicus, S.; Duce, Robert A.; Huebert, B. J.; Jickells, TD; Zhuang, Liangzhong

doi:10.1029/2000jd900655

Cited by 142 publications

(121 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…The reported WSON values for rain also exhibited the lowest concentrations in those derived from remote or pristine marine environments, such as Hawaii (2.8 µmol N L −1 , Cornell et al, 2001). The highest WSON concentrations were observed in China (North China Plain: 103 µmol N L −1 , Zhang et al, 2008) and in Norwich, UK (33 µmol N L −1 , Cornell et al, 1998).…”

Section: Positive Matrix Factorization (Pmf) For Source Apportionmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Approximately 66 % of the WSON was associated with coarse particles; the remaining fraction (34 %) was present within the fine mode. A number of studies have reported the relative size distribution of WSON for the eastern Mediterranean marine aerosol (Finokalia; and aerosol observed at remote marine sites (Hawaii; Cornell et al, 2001;Tasmania, Mace et al, 2003b). The aerosol WSON at Finokalia (68 %) and Hawaii was primarily found in the fine mode, whilst WSON in South Pacific marine aerosol (Tasmania) was mainly associated with the coarse fraction.…”

Section: Positive Matrix Factorization (Pmf) For Source Apportionmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Atmospheric water-soluble organic nitrogen (WSON) in the eastern Mediterranean: origin and ramifications regarding marine productivity

Nehir

Koçak

2018

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Aerosol and rain sampling in two size fractions was carried out at a rural site located on the coast of the eastern Mediterranean, Erdemli, Turkey (36 • 33 54 N, 34 • 15 18 E). A total of 674 aerosol samples in two size fractions (337 coarse, 337 fine) and 23 rain samples were collected between March 2014 and April 2015. Samples were analyzed for NO − 3 , NH + 4 and ancillary water-soluble ions using ion chromatography and water-soluble total nitrogen (WSTN) by applying a high-temperature combustion method. The mean aerosol water-soluble organic nitrogen (WSON) was 23.8 ± 16.3 nmol N m −3 , reaching a maximum of 79 nmol N m −3 , with about 66 % being associated with coarse particles. The volume weighted mean (VWM) concentration of WSON in rain was 21.5 µmol N L −1 . The WSON contributed 37 and 29 % to the WSTN in aerosol and rainwater, respectively. Aerosol WSON concentrations exhibited large temporal variation, mainly due to meteorology and the origin of air mass flow. The highest mean aerosol WSON concentration was observed in the summer and was attributed to the absence of rain and resuspension of cultivated soil in the region. The mean concentration of WSON during dust events (38.2 ± 17.5 nmol N m −3 ) was 1.3 times higher than that of non-dust events (29.4 ± 13.9 nmol N m −3 ). Source apportionment analysis demonstrated that WSON was originated from agricultural activities (43 %), secondary aerosol (20 %), nitrate (22 %), crustal material (10 %) and sea salt (5 %). The dry and wet depositions of WSON were equivalent and amounted to 36 % of the total atmospheric WSTN flux.

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Section: Positive Matrix Factorization (Pmf) For Source Apportionmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Positive Matrix Factorization (Pmf) For Source Apportionmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric water-soluble organic nitrogen (WSON) in the eastern Mediterranean: origin and ramifications regarding marine productivity

Nehir

Koçak

2018

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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“…Organic nitrogen was reported to contribute 20% to 40% to the total annual wet deposition of dissolved nitrogen across the United Kingdom M. Lin et al: Organic nitrogen in PM 2.5 aerosol (Cape et al, 2004). Other measurements at various marine and continental sites have also shown 20-90% of nitrogen deposition is organic (Nicholls and Cox, 1978;Timperley et al, 1985;Mopper and Zika, 1987;Cornell et al, 1995Cornell et al, , 2001. Measurements of ON in fog water have shown that organics contribute 16% of the total nitrogen (Zhang and Anastasio, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some of the evidence of ON abundance comes from deposition studies (Cornell et al, 2001;Mace et al, 2003;Sparks et al, 2008). Measurements in the US have shown that 20% to 80% of nitrogen in atmospheric deposition is in an organic form (Zhang and Anastasio, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic nitrogen in PM<sub>2.5</sub> aerosol at a forest site in the Southeast US

et al. 2010

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Abstract. There is growing evidence that organo-nitrogen compounds may constitute a significant fraction of the aerosol nitrogen (N) budget. However, very little is known about the abundance and origin of this aerosol fraction. In this study, the concentration of organic nitrogen (ON) and major inorganic ions in PM 2.5 aerosol were measured at the Duke Forest Research Facility near Chapel Hill, NC, during January and June of 2007. A novel on-line instrument was used, which is based on the Steam Jet Aerosol Collector (SJAC) coupled to an on-line total carbon/total nitrogen analyzer and two on-line ion chromatographs. The concentration of ON was determined by tracking the difference in concentrations of total nitrogen and of inorganic nitrogen (determined as the sum of N-ammonium and N-nitrate). The time resolution of the instrument was 30 min with a detection limit for major aerosol components of ∼0.1 µgm −3 .Nitrogen in organic compounds contributed ∼33% on average to the total nitrogen concentration in PM 2.5 , illustrating the importance of this aerosol component. Absolute concentrations of ON, however, were relatively low (<1.0 µgm −3 ) with an average of 0.16 µgm −3 . The absolute and relative contribution of ON to the total aerosol nitrogen budget was practically the same in January and June. In January, the concentration of ON tended to be higher during the night and early morning, while in June it tended to be higher during the late afternoon and evening. Back-trajectories and correlation with wind direction indicate that higher concentrations of ON occur in air masses originating over the continental US, while marine air masses are characterized by lower ON concentrations. The data presented in this study suggests that ON has a Correspondence to: A. Khlystov (andrey@duke.edu) variety of sources, which are very difficult to quantify without information on chemical composition of this important aerosol fraction.

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“…In both remote and more contaminated areas the organic nitrogen has an important fine mode aerosol component suggesting it is formed from gas to particle reactions, although a coarse mode from primary sources is also seen. (Cornell et al, 2001;Mace et al, 2003c;Russell et al, 2003). Seitzinger and Sanders (1999) have suggested that a significant fraction of atmospheric organic nitrogen may be bioavailable.…”

Section: Organic Nitrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of air-sea exchange in the marine nitrogen cycle

Jickells

2006

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. This contribution to the Spot-On volume considers the magnitude and composition of atmospheric nitrogen inputs to the oceans and then goes on to consider the impacts of these inputs. Effects in open ocean and coastal areas are probably different. Offshore atmospheric inputs may produce a small enhancement of overall ocean productivity and hence CO 2 drawdown. In coastal waters atmospheric inputs contribute significantly to overall eutrophication pressure, but evidence that they trigger algal blooms is limited. Management of atmospheric inputs to coastal waters to mitigate eutrophication pressures requires that emissions be managed over a wide area reflecting the efficient long range transport of atmospheric nitrogen. Strategies for management of oxidised and reduced nitrogen deposition will be different reflecting their different rates of deposition.

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Organic nitrogen in Hawaiian rain and aerosol

Cited by 142 publications

References 75 publications

Atmospheric water-soluble organic nitrogen (WSON) in the eastern Mediterranean: origin and ramifications regarding marine productivity

Atmospheric water-soluble organic nitrogen (WSON) in the eastern Mediterranean: origin and ramifications regarding marine productivity

Organic nitrogen in PM<sub>2.5</sub> aerosol at a forest site in the Southeast US

The role of air-sea exchange in the marine nitrogen cycle

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Organic nitrogen in Hawaiian rain and aerosol

Cited by 142 publications

References 75 publications

Atmospheric water-soluble organic nitrogen (WSON) in the eastern Mediterranean: origin and ramifications regarding marine productivity

Atmospheric water-soluble organic nitrogen (WSON) in the eastern Mediterranean: origin and ramifications regarding marine productivity

Organic nitrogen in PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt; aerosol at a forest site in the Southeast US

The role of air-sea exchange in the marine nitrogen cycle

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Organic nitrogen in PM<sub>2.5</sub> aerosol at a forest site in the Southeast US