Organic Properties and Hydrocarbon Generation Potential of Shales from Few Sedimentary Basins of India

Mani, Devleena; Patil, D. J.; Dayal, A. M.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-03119-4_4

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 34 publications

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“…The organic matters, exposed to the right conditions of pressure and temperature, are the source of hydrocarbons produced over the period of millions of years. There are various factors such as deposition, preservation, and maturation of organic matter that influence the quantity and quality of end products. , The generation capacity is ultimately determined by the amount and the type of the organic matters during diagenesis, metagenesis, and catagenesis processes. , Continuous supply of organic remains carried by rivers, oxygen level, water circulation, disturbance by living organisms, sediment particles of fine-scale, and sedimentation rate are the conditions controlling the preservation of the organic matters . Hydrocarbons, mainly lipid origin, form a small percentage of petroleum (10–20%).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Mechanical Behavior of Organic Matters Contained in Source Rocks: New Insights into the Role of Bitumen

et al. 2022

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Assessment of mechanical properties of organic matters contained in unconventional formations is needed to understand the geomechanics of source rocks. The organic matters are part of the source rock matrix, and they are made of kerogen and bitumen. Although the literature has some studies addressing the properties of kerogen and bitumen, no apparent attempts were made to address the mechanical behavior of organic matters as a combination of both. Isolation of organic matters from the rocks for experimental assessments has some risks of altering the original properties because of their delicate nature and their existence as micro- and nanoconstituents. Some computational approaches such as molecular simulation can serve as an alternative platform for the purpose of delineating organic matter properties including the mechanical ones. This work implements available 3D molecular modeling of kerogen and bitumen with different ratios to mimic organic matters that can be investigated for the mechanical properties. Upon the recreation of different configurations of organic matters molecularly, mechanical parameters such Young’s, bulk, and shear constants, as well as the stress–strain relationship for the elastic and plastic deformations were extracted. The mechanical behavior was closely monitored before and after saturation with a number of gases that are commonly found in subsurface formations such as methane, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen. The results revealed that the organic matters had a mechanical behavior envelope similar to what were reported for organic-based materials such as polymers. Moreover, the structures containing bitumen exhibited larger values of Poisson’s ratio, indicating less likelihood of them to degrade upon applied stresses. The presented data substantiate the importance of accounting for both bitumen and kerogen in modeling the petrophysics and the mechanical behavior of the organic matters.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Mechanical Behavior of Organic Matters Contained in Source Rocks: New Insights into the Role of Bitumen

et al. 2022

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Geological and Geochemical Characterisation of Shale as an Unconventional Gas Source and Reservoir Within the Lesser Himalaya, Nepal

Khadka,

Sang,

Han

et al. 2024

Geological Journal

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The Gondwana and the Foreland shales in the Tansen and Surkhet areas within the Lesser Himalayas, Nepal, have been studied in detail, focusing on unconventional gas potentiality. The geochemical analysis indicates that the Eocene shales have a total organic carbon (TOC) content of up to 1.56%, and the Gondwana shales exhibit ≤ 0.75%. Pyrolysis results show Tmax values above 480°C, and the modified van Krevelen diagram and Hydrogen Index (HI) versus Tmax cross‐plot confirm the presence of type III (gas‐prone) kerogen. Vitrinite reflectance (Ro) values ranging from 1.06% to 2.96% indicate high thermal maturity. Mineralogical analysis reveals a distinct contrast between the shales, with the Gondwana shales showing higher silica content within a brittle‐ductile zone and the Eocene Foreland shales are more richer in clay minerals (56%) and quartz (31%), with superior porosity (2.1% to 8.3%) and organopores, enhancing their reservoir potential. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and petrographic observations further highlight the dominance of vitrinite macerals and organic pores in the Eocene shales. The Eocene Foreland shales of the Bhainskati Formation have favourable carbon content and pyrolytic properties and present a promising target for unconventional gas exploration compared to the Gondwana Sisne Formation. The over‐maturity of the shale resulted from the thrusting over the Lesser Himalaya in the early Miocene. The Main Boundary Thrust, activated from 11 Ma, is active and other tectonic activity impacts gas preservation. Regionally, the Bhainskati Formation is more thermally mature than the Patala Formation in Pakistan and shares similarities with the Subathu Formation in India. Despite having lower TOC content than globally established shales, the Eocene shales warrant further exploration for detailed exploration of their potential as unconventional gas reservoirs.

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Source-Rock Geochemistry of Unconventional Plays

Hazra,

Chandra,

Vishal

2024

Unconventional Hydrocarbon Reservoirs: Coal and Shale

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Organic Properties and Hydrocarbon Generation Potential of Shales from Few Sedimentary Basins of India

Cited by 6 publications

References 34 publications

Study of the Mechanical Behavior of Organic Matters Contained in Source Rocks: New Insights into the Role of Bitumen

Study of the Mechanical Behavior of Organic Matters Contained in Source Rocks: New Insights into the Role of Bitumen

Geological and Geochemical Characterisation of Shale as an Unconventional Gas Source and Reservoir Within the Lesser Himalaya, Nepal

Source-Rock Geochemistry of Unconventional Plays

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