Organization, evolution and functions of the human and mouse Ly6/uPAR family genes

Abstract

Members of the lymphocyte antigen-6 (Ly6)/urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) superfamily of proteins are cysteine-rich proteins characterized by a distinct disulfide bridge pattern that creates the three-finger Ly6/uPAR (LU) domain. Although the Ly6/uPAR family proteins share a common structure, their expression patterns and functions vary. To date, 35 human and 61 mouse Ly6/uPAR family members have been identified. Based on their subcellular localization, these proteins are further classified as GPI-anchored on the cell membrane, or secreted. The genes encoding Ly6/uPAR family proteins are conserved across different species and are clustered in syntenic regions on human chromosomes 8, 19, 6 and 11, and mouse Chromosomes 15, 7, 17, and 9, respectively. Here, we review the human and mouse Ly6/uPAR family gene and protein structure and genomic organization, expression, functions, and evolution, and introduce new names for novel family members.

Systems analysis uncovers inflammatory Th/Tc17-driven modules during acute GVHD in monkey and human T cells

“…Three were not concordant and 1 gene (Ly6c1) has no human/NHP For personal use only. on May 13, 2018. by guest www.bloodjournal.org From ortholog 36 and was therefore not included in the analysis. This result suggests strong interspecies mechanistic ties between the 2 GVHD models.…”

“…One gene (Ly6c1) identified in the murine study was not included in this analysis, as it has no human/NHP ortholog. 36 The columns reveal the expression of these genes in the breakthrough acute cohort vs either autologous (left) or healthy controls (right). The column to the right of the gene names designates whether the direction of expression in breakthrough acute vs autologous or healthy controls is concordant (gray boxes) or not (white boxes) with the expression in murine Tc17 cells.…”

Inhibition of HUVEC tube formation via suppression of NFκB suggests an anti-angiogenic role for SLURP1 in the transparent cornea

“…The secreted Ly6/uPAR-related protein-1 (SLURP1) is an 88 amino acids member of the leukocyte antigen-6 (Ly6) family of proteins (Loughner et al, 2016). SLURP1 is expressed abundantly in the cornea and moderately in oral mucosa, skin and other epithelia, where it is secreted into tear, saliva, sweat, and urine (Adermann et al, 1999; Norman et al, 2004).…”

Lipoprotein lipase reaches the capillary lumen in chickens despite an apparent absence of GPIHBP1

“…GPIHBP1 is a GPI-anchored protein of the Ly6 superfamily (35 Ly6 family members in human; 61 in mouse) (20). All Ly6 proteins have at least one approximately 80-amino acid Ly6 domain with 8 or 10…”

“…Genes for GPIHBP1 and LPL are easily detectable in the genomes of all mammals, including marsupials and the egg-laying platypus (20,(25)(26)(27). Human and mouse LPL are 92% identical at the amino acid level; the Ly6 domains of human and mouse GPIHBP1 are 59% identical.…”