“…1,2 Reliability of novice-acquired 3DUS using low-cost 2D augmentation in obstetric evaluation is high, suggesting reduced operator dependence. 3 We chose to explore novice 3DUS by low-cost 2D augmentation in carotid artery stenosis (CAS) for several reasons: data suggesting enhanced reliability with 3DUS, 4 our experience with cervical vascular 3DUS using an augmentation system, 5 and the clinical importance of carotid disease and stroke. Improving the diagnosis of carotid stenosis could have wide benefits, as atherosclerotic carotid stenosis is responsible for 15% to 20% of ischemic strokes, accounting for 80% of all strokes.…”