Origin and evolution of the Ig-like domains present in mammalian leukocyte receptors: insights from chicken, frog, and fish homologues

Nikolaidis, Nikolas; Klein, Jan; Nei, Masatoshi

doi:10.1007/s00251-004-0764-0

Cited by 37 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…4 and 8) between the CHIR groups is not known, but an obvious possibility is that the differences influence ligand-binding specificities of the CHIR domains. By contrast, in the mammalian LRC, the MI group contains the s-type of domains, whereas the MII group contains both s-and h-types (7,28,29). These observations suggest that Ig-like domains with different structures (s or h) shared the most recent common ancestor and that the h-type of Ig-like domain has evolved from the s-type independently in both the mammalian and avian lineages.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 41%

“…1 A). The majority of the genes are homologous to the CHIR genes, and some of these had been reported previously (4,6,7). The remaining genes probably represent homologues of the mammalian G protein-coupled receptors 40 -43 (GPR40 -43), which, in humans and mice, reside in the ''extended'' LRC region (3).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…The clustering of sequences described thus far was based on whole-gene sequences. When the individual Ig-like domains are subjected to phylogenetic analysis separately, a somewhat different clustering pattern emerges (2,7). Both the mammalian and the chicken domain sequences fall into two groups (MI and MII, and CI and CII) ( figure 3 of ref.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used the chicken sequences identified in a previous study (7) in BLASTN and TBLASTN similarity searches using default parameters (8) against the chicken whole genome shotgun database (9), the nucleotide database, the nonredundant database, and the highthroughput genomic sequences of the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). We also searched the EST database of NCBI and The Institute for Genomic Research (www.tigr.org͞tdb͞tgi).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been proposed that the Ig-like domains of the chicken Ig-like receptors (CHIR) are most closely related to the mammalian LRC domain sequences. These domains form two evolutionary groups that probably diverged before the separation of the mammalian and bird lineages (7). At present, however, the number and the overall organization of the CHIR genes are not known.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Origin and evolution of the chicken leukocyte receptor complex

Nikolaidis

Makałowska

Chalkia

et al. 2005

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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In mammals, the cell surface receptors encoded by the leukocyte receptor complex (LRC) regulate the activity of T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes, as well as that of natural killer cells, and thus provide protection against pathogens and parasites. The chicken genome encodes many Ig-like receptors that are homologous to the LRC receptors. The chicken Ig-like receptor (CHIR) genes are members of a large monophyletic gene family and are organized into genomic clusters, which are in conserved synteny with the mammalian LRC. One-third of CHIR genes encode polypeptide molecules that contain both activating and inhibitory motifs. These genes are present in different phylogenetic groups, suggesting that the primordial CHIR gene could have encoded both types of motifs in a single molecule. In contrast to the mammalian LRC genes, the CHIR genes with similar function (inhibition or activation) are evolutionarily closely related. We propose that, in addition to recombination, single nucleotide substitutions played an important role in the generation of receptors with different functions. Structural models and amino acid analyses of the CHIR proteins reveal the presence of different types of Ig-like domains in the same phylogenetic groups, as well as sharing of conserved residues and conserved changes of residues between different CHIR groups and between CHIRs and LRCs. Our data support the notion that the CHIR gene clusters are regions homologous to the mammalian LRC gene cluster and favor a model of evolution by repeated processes of birth and death (expansion-contraction) of the Ig-like receptor genes.birth and death ͉ conserved synteny ͉ genomic organization ͉ Ig-like receptors N atural killer (NK) cells are a subpopulation of lymphocytes that function in innate immunity by recognizing and destroying virally infected and cancerous cells (1). NK cells are regulated by the interaction of inhibitory and activating signals emitted by cell surface receptors. The inhibitory receptors contain immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs) in their cytoplasmic (CYT) region, whereas the activating receptors contain a positively charged residue in their transmembrane (TM) region (2). The mammalian NK cell receptors fall into two categories, one belonging to the Ig superfamily and the other to the C-type lectin superfamily. The Ig-like receptors are encoded by a genomic region called the leukocyte receptor complex (LRC) (3). The LRC contains several gene families [e.g., the killer cell Ig-like receptors (KIRs), the leukocyte Ig-like receptors (LILRs), and the paired Ig-like receptors] and singleton genes. The presence of the LRC in all mammals studied thus far and the overall structural similarities of the LRC genes suggest that all of these genes have evolved from a common ancestral sequence and that the LRC region was formed before the mammalian radiation.The common origin of the LRC genes is also supported by the existence of several homologous sequences in the chicken (4-7). It has been proposed that the Ig-like domains...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 41%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Origin and evolution of the chicken leukocyte receptor complex

Nikolaidis

Makałowska

Chalkia

et al. 2005

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Mucosal Immune Defense

Kaetzel¹

Encyclopedic Reference of Cancer

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The Appearance and Diversification of Receptors for IgM During Vertebrate Evolution

Akula

Hellman

2017

Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology

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Three different receptors that interact with the constant domains of IgM have been identified: the polymeric immunoglobulin (Ig) receptor (PIGR), the dual receptor for IgA/IgM (FcαµR) and the IgM receptor (FcµR). All of them are related in structure and located in the same chromosomal region in mammals. The functions of the PIGRs are to transport IgM and IgA into the intestinal lumen and to saliva and tears, whereas the FcαµRs enhance uptake of immune complexes and antibody coated bacteria and viruses by B220+ B cells and phagocytes, as well as dampening the Ig response to thymus-independent antigens. The FcµRs have broad-spectrum effects on B-cell development including effects on IgM homeostasis, B-cell survival, humoral immune responses and also in autoantibody formation. The PIGR is the first of these receptors to appear during vertebrate evolution and is found in bony fish and all tetrapods but not in cartilaginous fish. The FcµR is present in all extant mammalian lineages and also in the Chinese and American alligators, suggesting its appearance with early reptiles. Currently the FcαµR has only been found in mammals and is most likely the evolutionary youngest of the three receptors. In bony fish, the PIGR has either 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 extracellular Ig-like domains, whereas in amphibians, reptiles and birds it has 4 domains, and 5 in all mammals. The increase in domain number from 4 to 5 in mammals has been proposed to enhance the interaction with IgA. Both the FcαµRs and the FcµRs contain only one Ig domain; the domain that confers Ig binding. In both of these receptors this domain shows the highest degree of sequence similarity to domain 1 of the PIGR. All Ig domains of these three receptors are V type domains, indicating they all have the same origin although they have diversified extensively in function during vertebrate evolution by changing expression patterns and cytoplasmic signaling motifs.

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Origin and evolution of the Ig-like domains present in mammalian leukocyte receptors: insights from chicken, frog, and fish homologues

Cited by 37 publications

References 22 publications

Origin and evolution of the chicken leukocyte receptor complex

Origin and evolution of the chicken leukocyte receptor complex

Mucosal Immune Defense

The Appearance and Diversification of Receptors for IgM During Vertebrate Evolution

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