ORMOSIL-entrapped copper complex as electrocatalyst for the heterogeneous de-chlorination of alkyl halides

Shamir, Dror; Elias, Inbar; Albo, Yael; Meyerstein, Dan; Burg, Ariela

doi:10.1016/j.ica.2019.119225

Cited by 10 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Moreover, the heterogeneous system will not only facilitate easy separation of the catalyst, it will also enable the by-products to be easily recovered from the reaction products. This capacity is of great importance, especially in pharmaceutical production, wherein the final products must meet stringent purity criteria 30 – 33 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the sol–gel process, a porous matrix is formed by mixing precursors such as tetramethyl orthosilicate (TMOS) and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and water to produce a 3D inorganic network. A major advantage of the sol–gel process is its ease of adaptability: matrix properties, including particle size and surface area, can be easily and inexpensively controlled by changing the nature and the concentration of the precursors and the pH of the water used in the sol–gel process 30 , 31 , 38 – 52 . The sol–gel process enables the entrapment of a large variety of reagents in the matrices including inorganic molecules 40 , metal nanoparticles, metal-oxide nano-particles 42 , 44 , 53 – 56 , bacteria 57 , and enzymes 45 , 58 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Instead, our method relies on intermolecular bonds, which are based on the physical properties of both the catalyst and the matrix. Its successful application has been precluded thus far by the tendency of matrices prepared via this method to exhibit catalyst leakage 30 , 31 , 39 – 44 , 48 , 49 , a drawback that we worked to avoid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advanced sol–gel process for efficient heterogeneous ring-closing metathesis

Aharon

Meyerstein

Tzur

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Olefin metathesis, a powerful synthetic method with numerous practical applications, can be improved by developing heterogeneous catalysts that can be recycled. In this study, a single-stage process for the entrapment of ruthenium-based catalysts was developed by the sol–gel process. System effectiveness was quantified by measuring the conversion of the ring-closing metathesis reaction of the substrate diethyl diallylmalonate and the leakage of the catalysts from the matrix. The results indicate that the nature of the precursor affects pore size and catalyst activity. Moreover, matrices prepared with tetraethoxysilane at an alkaline pH exhibit a better reaction rate than in the homogenous system under certain reaction conditions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to present a one-step process that is simpler and faster than the methods reported in the literature for catalyst entrapment by the sol–gel process under standard conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advanced sol–gel process for efficient heterogeneous ring-closing metathesis

Aharon

Meyerstein

Tzur

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…Organically modified silicates (ORMOSILs) are hybrid silicon xerogels that combine the mechanical, thermal, and structural rigidity and stability of inorganic materials with the flexibility and functionality of organic molecules [ 1 ]. These properties favor their utilization as chemical and optical sensors [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ], catalysts [ 8 , 9 ], coatings [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ], chromatographic agents [ 15 , 16 ], nanoprobes, and photovoltaic cells [ 17 , 18 ], among others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Organochlorinated Xerogels: From Microporous Materials to Ordered Domains

et al. 2021

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Hybrid silica xerogels combine the properties of organic and inorganic components in the same material, making them highly promising and versatile candidates for multiple applications. They can be tailored for specific purposes through chemical modifications, and the consequent changes in their structures warrant in-depth investigation. We describe the synthesis of three new series of organochlorinated xerogels prepared by co-condensation of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and chloroalkyltriethoxysilane (ClRTEOS; R = methyl [M], ethyl [E], or propyl [P]) at different molar ratios. The influence of the precursors on the morphological and textural properties of the xerogels was studied using 29Si NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance), FTIR (Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), N2, and CO2 adsorption, XRD (X-ray Diffraction), and FE-SEM (Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy). The structure and morphology of these materials are closely related to the nature and amount of the precursor, and their microporosity increases proportionally to the molar percentage of ClRTEOS. In addition, the influence of the chlorine atom was investigated through comparison with their non-chlorinated analogues (RTEOS, R = M, E, or P) prepared in previous studies. The results showed that a smaller amount of precursor was needed to detect ordered domains (ladders and T8 cages) in the local structure. The possibility of coupling self-organization with tailored porosity opens the way to novel applications for this type of organically modified silicates.

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“…This procedure was chosen due to the catalytic and reducing properties of monovalent nickel and based on previous results of other sol‐gel matrices entrapped catalysts that were shown to be stable under conditions that were unstable in homogeneous solutions . In general, the trend in catalysis processing is the transformation of homogeneous catalysts into a heterogeneous system, in which the catalyst is immobilized on a solid material, making the catalyst easy to recycle . In recent years, increased attention has been devoted to the study of the properties of sol‐gel matrices and the entrapment of active species .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stabilization of Ni(I)(1,4,8,11‐tetraazacyclotetradecane)⁺ in a Sol‐Gel Matrix: It's Plausible Use in Catalytic Processes

Shamir¹,

Wolfer

Shames

et al. 2020

Israel Journal of Chemistry

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Monovalent nickel is used as a catalyst in a diversity of important chemical systems due to its properties as a strong reducing agent. However, monovalent nickel is unstable in homogeneous systems; its lifetime is very short, and therefore, its efficiency as a catalyst is quite limited. In this article, we demonstrate the catalytic capabilities of Ni(I)(1,4,8,11‐tetraazacyclotetradecane)+ as a reducing and catalytic agent by its entrapment in the silica sol gel matrix. The EPR results indicate that the sol‐gel matrix plays two roles: it inhibits the common mechanism of Ni(I)L+ decomposition in aqueous solutions, and it also facilitates its functionality as a heterogeneous catalyst, by stabilizing it for at least several hours. The activity of Ni(I)L+ which is entrapped within the matrix, was studied by reducing 2,2‐Bis(bromomethyl)‐1,3‐Propanediol and I3−. The results indicate that Ni(I)L+/Ni(III)L−H2+ acts as a good reducing agent. These results have important implications for a variety of essential catalytic reactions by shedding light on a new feature of sol‐gel matrices and their use as active species stabilizers.

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ORMOSIL-entrapped copper complex as electrocatalyst for the heterogeneous de-chlorination of alkyl halides

Cited by 10 publications

References 48 publications

Advanced sol–gel process for efficient heterogeneous ring-closing metathesis

Advanced sol–gel process for efficient heterogeneous ring-closing metathesis

Novel Organochlorinated Xerogels: From Microporous Materials to Ordered Domains

Stabilization of Ni(I)(1,4,8,11‐tetraazacyclotetradecane)⁺ in a Sol‐Gel Matrix: It's Plausible Use in Catalytic Processes

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ORMOSIL-entrapped copper complex as electrocatalyst for the heterogeneous de-chlorination of alkyl halides

Cited by 10 publications

References 48 publications

Advanced sol–gel process for efficient heterogeneous ring-closing metathesis

Advanced sol–gel process for efficient heterogeneous ring-closing metathesis

Novel Organochlorinated Xerogels: From Microporous Materials to Ordered Domains

Stabilization of Ni(I)(1,4,8,11‐tetraazacyclotetradecane)+ in a Sol‐Gel Matrix: It's Plausible Use in Catalytic Processes

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Product

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Stabilization of Ni(I)(1,4,8,11‐tetraazacyclotetradecane)⁺ in a Sol‐Gel Matrix: It's Plausible Use in Catalytic Processes