Orthodontic tooth movement after different coxib therapies

Abstract

Anti-inflammatory substances used for treatment of pain and discomfort related to orthodontic treatment (OT) could slow down tooth movement. Selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors are an alternative to conventional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The aim of this study was to compare different coxibs on dental movement in the rat. Twenty-eight Wistar male rats (3 months old) divided into four experimental groups were studied: (1) Five rats underwent a 50 g coil spring implantation and received three injections of 0.5 mg/kg body weight (bw) of Rofecoxib in the maxillary gingiva, close to the first molar, on the day of implantation and after 3 and 5 days. Similar procedures were carried out (2) on six animals receiving 8 mg/kg bw of Celecoxib and (3) on five animals receiving 25 mg/kg bw of Parecoxib. (4) For the controls, 12 rats received the same OT but only equivolumetric 0.9 per cent saline solution injections. Tooth movement was measured on lateral cranial teleradiographs after 10 days of treatment. Non-parametric standard techniques (Wilcoxon, H, and Mann-Whitney, U) were used for statistical analysis. Mesial tooth displacement in the control animals was 0.33 +/- 0.07 mm. While no movement was found in rats treated with Rofecoxib, the Celecoxib- and Parecoxib-treated rats showed tooth movement of 0.42 +/- 0.09 mm and 0.22 +/- 0.04 mm, respectively. The differences were statistically significant (H = 13.07; P < 0.004). Celecoxib and Parecoxib, but not Rofecoxib, seem appropriate for discomfort and pain relief while avoiding interference during tooth movement.

Interventions for pain during fixed orthodontic appliance therapy

“…17,18 These procedures followed the Guidelines of Animal Research or were approved by the institutional review board of the universities. However, these studies have limited clinical significance, are inconsistent and less pertinent than clinical studies, and offer results that can only be extrapolated to the human with great caution.…”

The influence of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and paracetamol used for pain control of orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review

“…Generally, these drugs showed distinct effects regarding orthodontic movement, either having negative influence on it or not interfering with it. However, celecoxib responds more frequently for tooth displacement inhibition, exerting distinct levels of interference in three studies (De Carlos et al 2007, Hauber Gameiro et al 2008, Stabile et al 2009). The distinct effects obtained with the use of these drugs may be related to some factors: the half-life of the drug, the bioavailability, the form of administration, the concentration, the experimental period, and the methods of assessing tooth movement (De Carlos et al 2006, Hauber Gameiro et al 2008.…”

Efecto de los antiinflamatorios no esteroideos AINEs, analgésicos y coxibs sobre la magnitud del movimiento dentario ortodóntico

“…16,17,18 Por otra parte, no se evidenció diferencia significativa en el número de osteoclastos, (Tabla 2) ni en la magnitud del movimiento ortodóntico en el grupo etoricoxib en comparación al grupo control. Resultados similares encontraron De Carlos et al 19 y Stabile et al 4 , quienes utilizando celecoxib demostraron que no se modificó significativamente el movimiento dentario en comparación al grupo control. Resultados distintos a lo encontrado por De Carlos et al 13 (utilizando rofecoxib) y Gameiro et al 20 (utilizando celecoxib), quienes si encontraron disminución significativa del movimiento ortodóntico en un modelo de mesialización de primeras molares en ratas, en comparación al grupo de ratas sin medicación.…”

“…9 En un estudio similar realizado en ratas donde compararon el efecto de los coxibs, se encontró que el rofecoxib interfiere con el MDO, mientras no se observó interferencia con parecoxib y celecoxib. 10 Otra investigación en animales encontró que la terapia con celecoxib inhibió el MDO.…”