Orthopedic Implant-Associated Infection by Multidrug Resistant Enterobacteriaceae

Pfang, Bernadette; García-Cañete, Joaquin; García-Lasheras, Julia; Blanco, Antonio; Auñón, Álvaro; Parrón‐Cambero, Raúl; Macías-Valcayo, Alicia; Esteban, Jaime

doi:10.3390/jcm8020220

Cited by 42 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…However, Gramnegative bacilli can be isolated from 27-45% of all infections (Cobo et al, 2011;Benito et al, 2016) and the most commonly isolated species belong to the Enterobacteriaceae family, mainly Escherichia coli, and several non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli. These organisms are gaining in importance given their increasing incidence and antibiotic resistance (Rodriguez-Pardo et al, 2014;Benito et al, 2016;Papadopoulos et al, 2019;Pfang et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Antibiotic-Loaded Sol-Gel Can Prevent Bacterial Prosthetic Joint Infection: From in vitro Studies to an in vivo Model

et al. 2020

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a moxifloxacin-loaded organicinorganic sol-gel with different antibiotic concentration in the in vitro biofilm development and treatment against Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, and Escherichia coli, cytotoxicity and cell proliferation of MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts; and its efficacy in preventing the prosthetic joint infection (PJI) caused by clinical strains of S. aureus and E. coli using an in vivo murine model. Three bacterial strains, S. epidermidis ATCC 35984, S. aureus 15981, and, E. coli ATCC 25922, were used for microbiological studies. Biofilm formation was induced using tryptic-soy supplemented with glucose for 24 h, and then, adhered and planktonic bacteria were estimated using drop plate method and absorbance, respectively. A 24-h-mature biofilm of each species growth in a 96well plate was treated for 24 h using a MBECTM biofilm Incubator lid with pegs coated with the different types of sol-gel, after incubation, biofilm viability was estimated using alamrBlue. MC3T3-E1 cellular cytotoxicity and proliferation were evaluated using CytoTox 96 Non-Radioactive Cytotoxicity Assay and alamarBlue, respectively. The microbiological studies showed that sol-gel coatings inhibited the biofilm development and treated to a mature biofilm of three evaluated bacterial species. The cell studies showed that the sol-gel both with and without moxifloxacin were non-cytotoxic and that cell proliferation was inversely proportional to the antibiotic concentration containing by sol-gel. In the in vivo study, mice weight increased over time, except in the E. coliinfected group without coating. The most frequent symptoms associated with infection were limping and piloerection; these symptoms were more frequent in infected groups

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Antibiotic-Loaded Sol-Gel Can Prevent Bacterial Prosthetic Joint Infection: From in vitro Studies to an in vivo Model

et al. 2020

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“…The route of infection is usually direct inoculation during surgery, contiguous spread from adjacent infection and sometimes from hematogenous spread [3]. Less commonly, gram-negative rods and Enterococci can also involve a prosthetic joint [4-5], but it is rare for Clostridium perfringens to cause infection of a prosthetic joint. It is challenging in such a clinical scenario to not only identify the source of infection (as the prosthetic knee joint or the surrounding skin/tissue is not where Clostridium species colonize) but also how to treat such PJI, as no guidelines exist to date.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acalculous Cholecystitis Presenting as a Septic Joint: A Case Report

Zafar

Elkafrawy

Nahar

et al. 2019

Cureus

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It is rare for acalculous cholecystitis to present with symptoms outside the abdomen; hence, making its diagnosis can be a challenge. We report a case of a 77-year-old male, with a relevant past medical history of left knee arthroplasty two years prior, who presented with left knee pain and swelling. Cultures from the arthrocentesis grew Clostridium perfringens, which led to a search for the source of infection. The right upper quadrant (RUQ) ultrasound (US) showed an enlarged gallbladder filled with sludge, but no cholelithiasis or secondary ultrasound findings were present to suggest acute cholecystitis. A computed tomography (CT) scan showed a distended gallbladder with diffuse gallbladder wall thickening and no stone but with suspicion for acalculous cholecystitis. A subsequent hepatobiliary (HIDA) scan confirmed the diagnosis of acalculous cholecystitis. Subsequently, the patient had a biliary drain placed. Bile cultures grew gram-positive rods consistent with Clostridium perfringens, confirming the source. With regards to the septic prosthetic joint, the patient underwent irrigation and debridement with polyethylene exchange without replacement of the prosthesis. The patient was also treated with six weeks of intravenous (IV) ertapenem (1 gram daily) and 12 months of moxifloxacin (400 mg daily). He had a cholecystectomy later and his symptoms were completely resolved.

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“…Antibacterial materials and coatings have been a focus of global research topics for the past decade in orthopedics, due to an increasing incidence of implant-related infections caused by MDR bacteria [299]. Medical devices and implants are easily contaminated with microorganisms, leading to the formation of biofilms on their surfaces.…”

Section: Biocompatibility and Cytotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Visible-Light Active Titanium Dioxide Nanomaterials with Bactericidal Properties

2020

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This article provides an overview of current research into the development, synthesis, photocatalytic bacterial activity, biocompatibility and cytotoxic properties of various visible-light active titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) and their nanocomposites. To achieve antibacterial inactivation under visible light, TiO2 NPs are doped with metal and non-metal elements, modified with carbonaceous nanomaterials, and coupled with other metal oxide semiconductors. Transition metals introduce a localized d-electron state just below the conduction band of TiO2 NPs, thereby narrowing the bandgap and causing a red shift of the optical absorption edge into the visible region. Silver nanoparticles of doped TiO2 NPs experience surface plasmon resonance under visible light excitation, leading to the injection of hot electrons into the conduction band of TiO2 NPs to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) for bacterial killing. The modification of TiO2 NPs with carbon nanotubes and graphene sheets also achieve the efficient creation of ROS under visible light irradiation. Furthermore, titanium-based alloy implants in orthopedics with enhanced antibacterial activity and biocompatibility can be achieved by forming a surface layer of Ag-doped titania nanotubes. By incorporating TiO2 NPs and Cu-doped TiO2 NPs into chitosan or the textile matrix, the resulting polymer nanocomposites exhibit excellent antimicrobial properties that can have applications as fruit/food wrapping films, self-cleaning fabrics, medical scaffolds and wound dressings. Considering the possible use of visible-light active TiO2 nanomaterials for various applications, their toxicity impact on the environment and public health is also addressed.

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Orthopedic Implant-Associated Infection by Multidrug Resistant Enterobacteriaceae

Cited by 42 publications

References 22 publications

A New Antibiotic-Loaded Sol-Gel Can Prevent Bacterial Prosthetic Joint Infection: From in vitro Studies to an in vivo Model

A New Antibiotic-Loaded Sol-Gel Can Prevent Bacterial Prosthetic Joint Infection: From in vitro Studies to an in vivo Model

Acalculous Cholecystitis Presenting as a Septic Joint: A Case Report

Visible-Light Active Titanium Dioxide Nanomaterials with Bactericidal Properties

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