Osmotic instability in soft materials under well-controlled triaxial stress

Analytical and numerical solutions of pore formation in elastic food materials during dehydration

“…cavitation of gas bubbles ( Konrad and Roth-Nebelsick, 2003 ) ( Stroock et al, 2014 ). These conditions have been investigated experimentally using gels under tension ( Vincent et al, 2014 ) ( Wang et al, 2023 ). Cavitation and pore growth is a means to relax the tension ( Vincent et al, 2014 ), but the growth can happen too fast under unstable conditions ( Wang et al, 2023 ) ( Sida et al, 2023 ).…”

“…It will grow unboundedly. In practice these conditions will lead to bursting or fracturing, rendering access of the bubble to the environment ( Wang et al, 2023 ). This instability of gas-filled pores under tension is used by ferns for spores dispersal ( Kang et al, 2017 ) ( Kang et al, 2021 ).…”