Osteogenesis for postoperative temporal bone defects using human ear adipose‐derived stromal cells and tissue engineering: An animal model study

Abstract

Mastoidectomy, the removal of infected mastoid bones, is a common surgical procedure for the treatment of chronic otitis media. Persistent and recurrent otorrhea and accumulation of keratin debris following open cavity mastoidectomy are still bothersome issues for both patients and otologists. In this study, we used human ear adipose-derived stromal cells (hEASCs) in combination with polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds and osteogenic differentiation medium (ODM) to regenerate temporal bone defects. The hEASCs showed stem cell phenotypes, and these characteristics were maintained up to passage 5. Mastoid bulla and cranial bone defects were induced in Sprague-Dawley rats using AgNO and burr hole drilling, respectively, and the rats were then divided into five groups: (1) control, (2) hEASCs, (3) hEASCs + ODM, (4) hEASCs + PCL scaffolds, and (5) hEASCs + PCL scaffolds + ODM. Osteogenesis was evaluated by micro-computed tomography and histology. Compared with the control group, the groups transplanted with hEASCs and PCL scaffolds had significantly higher bone formation along the periphery of the mastoid bulla area. Moreover, ODM synergistically enhanced bone formation in mastoid bulla defects. Our results suggest that combining hEASCs with PCL scaffolds represents a promising method for anatomical and functional reconstruction of postoperative temporal bone defects following mastoidectomy. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 3493-3501, 2017.

Tissue engineering applications in otolaryngology—The state of translation

“…Heatmap representing the proportion of publications by year that utilized specific translational research methodologies from construct characterization to human trial to investigate craniofacial tissue engineering 49‐72,74‐77,79,81‐84,145‐197 …”

Development of Intracorporeal Differentiation of Stem Cells to Induce One-Step Mastoid Bone Reconstruction during Otitis Media Surgeries

“…All efforts were made to minimize the number of animals used and their suffering. The animal models for mastoidectomy followed our previous study [ 34 ]. Briefly, SD rats were anesthetized with an intraperitoneal injection of Zoletil 50 (0.1 cc/100 g; Virvac Laboratories, Carros, France) and 2% Rompun (0.2 cc/100 g; Bayer Korea, Ansan, Korea).…”

Adipose Stem Cell Translational Applications: From Bench-to-Bedside

“…It was demonstrated that the osteogenic differentiation of hASCs can be guided by nanoparticles with a specific diameter of 200 nm [ 309 ]. It was also shown that the combination of hASCs with polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds allowed the anatomical and functional reconstruction of post-operative temporal bone defects after mastoidectomy (removal of infected mastoid bones) [ 256 ]. Interestingly, advances have recently been made in work on the shape-memory of polymers (polymeric intelligent materials that have the ability to return from a deformed state to their original shape due to the induction of an external stimulus).…”