Other mental disorders YDT due to brain damage and dysfunction and physical disease in patients with anti-NMDA encephalitis

Abstract

Autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) is considered one of the most common causes of acute noninfectious encephalitis. Autoimmune encephalitis is usually of acute or subacute onset and may become chronic later. Suggested mechanisms that may trigger AIE include tumor (paraneoplastic), infection (parainfection) or may be cryptogenic. Autoimmune encephalitis has a wide range of clinical manifestations including behavioral and psychiatric symptoms, autonomic disorders, movement disorders and seizures. In this Case Report 13 year old boy, Hindu, Balinese, currently attending junior high school, unmarried, student. The patient was consulted to the psychiatry department while in the Cempaka room because he looked restless and confused. The patient experienced mood swings in the form of an unstable mood, accompanied by irritability, difficulty calming down, feeling uncomfortable, disturbed sleep, and decreased appetite after the patient underwent treatment at the hospital since last February. On physical examination, physical status was found within normal limits, nutritional status was good, and general status was within normal limits. Examination of psychiatric status found an unnatural appearance that looked confused and uncomfortable, verbal and visual contact was lacking, clear consciousness, mood and affect were labile, in thought processes there was preoccupation with the disease, in perception there were visual hallucinations.

Myelinolysis cases presenting with manic attack after rapid correction of hyponatremia: Two cases

“…3 Autoimmune encephalitis, including anti-NMDAR encephalitis, is characterized by motor dysfunction and psychiatric disorders, including manic attacks. 4 This condition, also called delirious mania, is a serious psychiatric syndrome that can be associated with encephalitis and has a high mortality rate. Overall, encephalitis can have a wide range of clinical manifestations, including behavioural and psychiatric symptoms, and can lead to long-term sequelae.…”

“…Encephalitis can also present with atypical symptoms such as paroxysmal speech disturbance, psychotic symptoms and can be confused with other diseases when making a diagnosis 3 . Autoimmune encephalitis, including anti‐NMDAR encephalitis, is characterized by motor dysfunction and psychiatric disorders, including manic attacks 4 . This condition, also called delirious mania, is a serious psychiatric syndrome that can be associated with encephalitis and has a high mortality rate.…”