Otitis media across nine countries: Disease burden and management

Arguedas, Adriano; Kværner, Kari J.; Liese, Johannes G.; Schilder, Anne G. M.; Pelton, Stephen I.

doi:10.1016/j.ijporl.2010.09.022

Cited by 53 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…While some studies suggest a low estimated prevalence [5,6] and a lower physician-reported frequency of AOM visits in Asia than elsewhere [7], others have highlighted the importance of AOM in the region [6]. The significant regional burden of chronic suppurative otitis media [8], a complication of AOM, suggests that AOM is indeed of public health concern.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Haemophilus influenzae type b as an important cause of culture-positive acute otitis media in young children in Thailand: a tympanocentesis-based, multi-center, cross-sectional study

et al. 2014

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BackgroundStreptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) and Haemophilus influenzae (H. influenzae) are considered major causes of bacterial acute otitis media (AOM) worldwide, but data from Asia on primary causes of AOM are limited. This tympanocentesis-based, multi-center, cross-sectional study assessed bacterial etiology and antimicrobial susceptibility of AOM in Thailand.MethodsChildren 3 to 59 months presenting with AOM (< 72 hours of onset) who had not received prescribed antibiotics, or subjects who received prescribed antibiotics but remained symptomatic after 48–72 hours (treatment failures), were eligible. Study visits were conducted from April 2008 to August 2009. Bacteria were identified from middle ear fluid collected by tympanocentesis or spontaneous otorrhea swab sampling (< 20% of cases). S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae serotypes were determined and antimicrobial resistance was also assessed.ResultsOf the 123 enrolled children, 112 were included in analysis and 48% of the 118 samples were positive for S. pneumoniae (23% (27/118)), H. influenzae (18% (21/118)), Moraxella catarrhalis (6% (7/118)) or Streptococcus pyogenes (3% (4/118)). The most common pneumococcal serotypes were 19F (26%) and 14 (22%). The majority of H. influenzae isolates were encapsulated (18/21), with 13 type b (Hib) representing 62% of all H. influenzae isolate or 11% of all samples (13/118), and there were only 3 non-typeable isolates. Despite high antibiotic resistance, amoxicillin/clavulanate susceptibility was high. No pneumococcal vaccine use was reported.ConclusionsS. pneumoniae and H. influenzae, both frequently antibiotic resistant, were leading causes of bacterial AOM and there was an unexpectedly high burden of Hib in this population unvaccinated by any Hib conjugate vaccine. Conjugate vaccines effective against pneumococcus and H. influenzae could potentially reduce the burden of AOM in this population.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent survey reported that most of the physicians in Asian countries use oral antibiotics as part of first line treatment of AOM [7], despite ‘watchful waiting’ recommendations in many countries across the world [12,13]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haemophilus influenzae type b as an important cause of culture-positive acute otitis media in young children in Thailand: a tympanocentesis-based, multi-center, cross-sectional study

et al. 2014

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“…OM encompasses a spectrum of conditions, including acute otitis media (AOM) and otitis media with effusion (OME), with approximately 80% of children having experienced an episode of AOM by the age of 3 years. Up to onethird of these children will have experienced recurrent infections, with many of these episodes being facilitated by a bacterial infection (3,37). In fact, bacteria may be isolated from the middle ear fluid (MEF) of approximately 80% of children with AOM and 30 to 50% of chronic middle ear effusions obtained from children presenting with OME (12).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Analysis of the Humoral Immune Response to Moraxella catarrhalis and Streptococcus pneumoniae Surface Antigens in Children Suffering from Recurrent Acute Otitis Media and Chronic Otitis Media with Effusion

Verhaegh

Stol

Vogel

et al. 2012

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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ABSTRACTA prospective clinical cohort study was established to investigate the humoral immune response in middle ear fluids (MEF) and serum against bacterial surface proteins in children suffering from recurrent acute otitis media (rAOM) and chronic otitis media with effusion (COME), using Luminex xMAP technology. The association between the humoral immune response and the presence ofMoraxella catarrhalisandStreptococcus pneumoniaein the nasopharynx and middle ear was also studied. The levels of antigen-specific IgG, IgA, and IgM showed extensive interindividual variation. No significant differences in anti-M. catarrhalisand anti-S. pneumoniaeserum and MEF median fluorescence intensity (MFI) values (anti-M. catarrhalisand antipneumococcal IgG levels) were observed between the rAOM or COME groups for all antigens tested. No significant differences were observed forM. catarrhalisandS. pneumoniaecolonization and serum IgG levels against theMoraxellaand pneumococcal antigens. Similar to the antibody response in serum, no significant differences in IgG, IgA, and IgM levels in MEF were observed for allM. catarrhalisandS. pneumoniaeantigens between OMM. catarrhalis-orS. pneumoniae-positive and OMM. catarrhalis-orS. pneumonia-negative children suffering from either rAOM or COME. Finally, results indicated a strong correlation between antigen-specific serum and MEF IgG levels. We observed no significantin vivoexpressed anti-M. catarrhalisor anti-S. pneumoniaehumoral immune responses using a range of putative vaccine candidate proteins. Other factors, such as Eustachian tube dysfunction, viral load, and genetic and environmental factors, may play a more important role in the pathogenesis of OM and in particular in the development of rAOM or COME.

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“…In adults, NTHi is also the predominant bacteria linked with the exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the fourth leading cause of death in the United States [4], [5]. Antibiotics are the standard method of treating NTHi infections [6]. However, since over 80% of NTHi strains are drug-resistant there is an urgent need for novel therapeutic agents [6], [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Antibiotics are the standard method of treating NTHi infections [6]. However, since over 80% of NTHi strains are drug-resistant there is an urgent need for novel therapeutic agents [6], [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CYLD Negatively Regulates Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae-Induced IL-8 Expression via Phosphatase MKP-1-Dependent Inhibition of ERK

et al. 2014

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Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi), a Gram-negative bacterium, is the primary cause of otitis media in children and the exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adults. A hallmark of both diseases is an overactive inflammatory response, including the upregulation of chemokines, such as interleukin-8 (IL-8). An appropriate inflammatory response is essential for eradicating pathogens. However, excessive inflammation can cause host tissue damage. Therefore, expression of IL-8 must be tightly regulated. We previously reported that NTHi induces IL-8 expression in an ERK-dependent manner. We also have shown that the deubiquitinase cylindromatosis (CYLD) suppresses NTHi-induced inflammation. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of how CYLD negatively regulates ERK-mediated IL-8 production is largely unknown. Here, we examine both human lung epithelial A549 cells and lung of Cyld −/− mice to show that CYLD specifically targets the activation of ERK. Interestingly, CYLD enhances NTHi-induced upregulation of another negative regulator, MAP Kinase Phosphatase-1 (MKP-1), which, in turn, leads to reduced ERK activation and subsequent suppression of IL-8. Taken together, the CYLD suppression of ERK-dependent IL-8 via MKP-1 may bring novel insights into the tight regulation of inflammatory responses and also lead to innovative therapeutic strategies for controlling these responses by targeting key negative regulators of inflammation.

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Otitis media across nine countries: Disease burden and management

Cited by 53 publications

References 31 publications

Haemophilus influenzae type b as an important cause of culture-positive acute otitis media in young children in Thailand: a tympanocentesis-based, multi-center, cross-sectional study

Haemophilus influenzae type b as an important cause of culture-positive acute otitis media in young children in Thailand: a tympanocentesis-based, multi-center, cross-sectional study

Comparative Analysis of the Humoral Immune Response to Moraxella catarrhalis and Streptococcus pneumoniae Surface Antigens in Children Suffering from Recurrent Acute Otitis Media and Chronic Otitis Media with Effusion

CYLD Negatively Regulates Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae-Induced IL-8 Expression via Phosphatase MKP-1-Dependent Inhibition of ERK

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