Outdoor workers and sun exposure: Results of an international survey on sun exposure behaviours and knowledge among 17 countries, the HELIOS project

Abstract

Dear Editor, Over two million cases of skin cancer are diagnosed annually worldwide, and outdoor workers (ODWs) are among the highest risk groups. 1 According to recent estimates, direct occupational sun exposure affects at least 480 million employees internationally. 2 Globally, the incidence of skin carcinomas due to occupational exposure is projected to increase by 60%, with no notable variations by gender or geographical region. 3 Currently, only a limited number of countries have recognized UVR-related occupational skin cancer as an occupational disease and instances of skin carcinomas are often underreported. 4 The Helios project is based on data from an extensive survey conducted from 28 September to 18 October 2021 using an Ipsos Panel with 3,540,000 members from 17 countries spanning five continents. 5 This sub-analysis allows us to delve deeper into the subject of sun protection in the ODW population, examining their behaviours and knowledge of sun exposure.The ODW subpopulation was defined by the question: 'Have you ever had, or do you currently have a job, hobby or sporting activity that regularly exposes you to the sun?' with participants selecting the response 'yes' or 'no' for the item 'a job' (and for the item 'hobby or sporting activity'). Statistical