Outer Tropical Cyclone Rainbands Associated with Typhoon Matmo (2014)

Yu, Cheng; Cheng, Lin-Wen; Wu, Chia-Chien; Tsai, Chia‐Lun

doi:10.1175/mwr-d-20-0054.1

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 65 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In Equation , Term A is the change in the

u

component with time and also corresponds to the wind accelerations along the west–east direction, and Term B is the advective acceleration amount relative to the distance (

x

) between these two selected sites. Only the

u

component was considered in this study since the

v

and

w

components can be neglected because the environmental winds were mostly composed of westerlies (Yu et al., 2020). The PGF was indicated by Term C, where

\rho

is the air density and

P

is the sea level pressure.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Equation 10, Term A is the change in the 𝐴𝐴 𝐴𝐴 component with time and also corresponds to the wind accelerations along the west-east direction, and Term B is the advective acceleration amount relative to the distance ( 𝐴𝐴 𝐴𝐴 ) between these two selected sites. Only the 𝐴𝐴 𝐴𝐴 component was considered in this study since the 𝐴𝐴 𝐴𝐴 and 𝐴𝐴 𝐴𝐴 components can be neglected because the environmental winds were mostly composed of westerlies (Yu et al, 2020) Stull (1988) and was set as ∼3.9 𝐴𝐴 × 10 −3 in this study. The representative height of 𝐴𝐴 𝐴𝐴 used in this study was 2,450 m (MSL) according to the mean boundary layer height from GWW, and a height of 1,725 m (MSL) was observed from the DGW sounding observations during 12:00 UTC on 13 and 12:00 UTC on 14 February 2018.…”

Section: Possible Mechanisms Of the Accelerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Orographic‐Induced Strong Wind Associated With a Low‐Pressure System Under Clear‐Air Condition During ICE‐POP 2018

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A strong wind event under clear‐air conditions during the 2018 Winter Olympic and Paralympic games in Pyeongchang, Korea, was examined using various datasets. High spatiotemporal resolution wind information was obtained by Doppler lidars, automatic weather stations, wind profiler, sounding observations, reanalysis datasets under the International Collaborative Experiments for Pyeongchang 2018 Olympic and Paralympic winter games (ICE‐POP 2018). This study aimed to understand the possible mechanisms of localized strong winds across a high mountainous area and on the leeside associated with the underlying large‐scale pattern of a low‐pressure system (LPS). The evolution of surface winds shows quite different patterns, exhibiting intensification of strong winds in the leeside and periodically persistent strong winds in upstream mountainous areas with the approaching LPS. The surface wind speed was intensified from ∼3 to ∼12 m s−1 (gusts were stronger than 20 m s−1 above the ground) at a surface station in the leeside. A budget analysis of the horizontal momentum equation suggested that the pressure gradient force (PGF) contributed from adiabatic warming and the passage of LPS was the main factor in the acceleration of the surface wind in the leeward side of the mountains. The detailed 3D winds revealed that the PGF also modulated the background winds at the mountainous station, which caused persistent strong and periodic winds (range of ∼7 to ∼12 m s−1) related to the channeling effect. The evidence showed that under the same synoptic condition of a LPS, different mechanisms are important for strong winds in determining the strength and persistence of orographic‐induced strong winds under clear‐air conditions.

show abstract

“…In Equation , Term A is the change in the

u

component with time and also corresponds to the wind accelerations along the west–east direction, and Term B is the advective acceleration amount relative to the distance (

x

) between these two selected sites. Only the

u

component was considered in this study since the

v

and

w

components can be neglected because the environmental winds were mostly composed of westerlies (Yu et al., 2020). The PGF was indicated by Term C, where

\rho

is the air density and

P

is the sea level pressure.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Possible Mechanisms Of the Accelerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orographic‐Induced Strong Wind Associated With a Low‐Pressure System Under Clear‐Air Condition During ICE‐POP 2018

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In particular, mountain waves and thunderstorms can generate conditions that may lead to fatal accidents [6][7][8]. In this context, the variation of the wind speed in the flights direction and the wind vertical shear associated with convective phenomena are crucial in producing lift, hence a serious safety concern.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is an NWP-Based Nowcasting System Suitable for Aviation Operations?

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The growth of air transport demand expected over the next decades, along with the increasing frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, such as heavy rainfalls and severe storms due to climate change, will pose a tough challenge for air traffic management systems, with implications for flight safety, delays and passengers. In this context, the Satellite-borne and IN-situ Observations to Predict The Initiation of Convection for ATM (SINOPTICA) project has a dual aim, first to investigate if very short-range high-resolution weather forecast, including data assimilation, can improve the predictive capability of these events, and then to understand if such forecasts can be suitable for air traffic management purposes. The intense squall line that affected Malpensa, the major airport by passenger traffic in northern Italy, on 11 May 2019 is selected as a benchmark. Several numerical experiments are performed with a Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model using two assimilation techniques, 3D-Var in WRF Data Assimilation (WRFDA) system and a nudging scheme for lightning, in order to improve the forecast accuracy and to evaluate the impact of assimilated different datasets. To evaluate the numerical simulations performance, three different verification approaches, object-based, fuzzy and qualitative, are used. The results suggest that the assimilation of lightning data plays a key role in triggering the convective cells, improving both location and timing. Moreover, the numerical weather prediction (NWP)-based nowcasting system is able to produce reliable forecasts at high spatial and temporal resolution. The timing was found to be suitable for helping Air Traffic Management (ATM) operators to compute alternative landing trajectories.

show abstract

“…and models (Liou et al, 2014, North et al, 2017, Chen, 2019, Oue et al, 2019. Most comprehensive applications of the derived winds were adopted to document kinematic and precipitation structures associated with various weather systems at different scales (Yu and Tsai, 2013, Yu and Tsai, 2017, Yu et al, 2020, Cha and Bell, 2021, Tsai et al, 2022.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Resolution 3D Winds Derived from a Newly Developed WISSDOM Synthesis Scheme using Multiple Doppler Lidars and Observations

Tsai

Kim

Liou

et al. 2022

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. A WISSDOM (Wind Synthesis System using Doppler Measurements) synthesis scheme was developed to derive high-resolution 3-dimensional (3D) winds under clear-air conditions. From this variational-based scheme, detailed wind information was obtained from scanning Doppler lidars, automatic weather stations (AWSs), sounding observations, and local reanalysis datasets (LDAPS, Local Data Assimilation and Prediction System), which were utilized as constraints to minimize the cost function. The objective of this study is to evaluate the performance and accuracy of derived 3D winds from this newly developed scheme. A strong wind event was selected to demonstrate its performance over complex terrain in Pyeongchang, South Korea. The size of the test domain is 12 × 12 km2 extended up to 3 km height mean sea level (MSL) with remarkably high horizontal and vertical resolution of 50 m. The derived winds reveal that reasonable patterns were explored from a control run, as they have high similarity with the sounding observations. The results of intercomparisons show that the correlation coefficients between derived horizontal winds and sounding observations are 0.97 and 0.87 for u- and v-component winds, respectively, and the averaged bias (root mean square deviation, RMSD) of horizontal winds is between −0.78 and 0.09 (1.72 and 1.65) m s−1. The correlation coefficients between WISSDOM-derived winds and lidar QVP (quasi-vertical profile) are 0.84 and 0.35 for u- and v-component winds, respectively, and the averaged bias (RMSD) of horizontal winds is between 2.83 and 2.26 (3.69 and 2.92) m s−1. The statistical errors also reveal a satisfying performance of the retrieved 3D winds; the median values of wind directions are −5~5 (0~2.5) degrees, the wind speed is approximately −1~3 m s−1 (−1~0.5 m s−1) and the vertical velocity is −0.2~0.6 m s−1 compared with the lidar QVP (sounding observations). A series of sensitivity tests with different weighting coefficients, radius of influence (RI) in interpolation and various combination of different datasets were also performed, and the results indicate that the present setting of the control run is the best reference to WISSDOM synthesis in this event.

show abstract

Outer Tropical Cyclone Rainbands Associated with Typhoon Matmo (2014)

Cited by 10 publications

References 65 publications

Orographic‐Induced Strong Wind Associated With a Low‐Pressure System Under Clear‐Air Condition During ICE‐POP 2018

Orographic‐Induced Strong Wind Associated With a Low‐Pressure System Under Clear‐Air Condition During ICE‐POP 2018

Is an NWP-Based Nowcasting System Suitable for Aviation Operations?

High Resolution 3D Winds Derived from a Newly Developed WISSDOM Synthesis Scheme using Multiple Doppler Lidars and Observations

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About