Outrunning a bad diet: Interactions between exercise and a Western-style diet for adolescent mental health, metabolism and microbes

Nota, Minke H.C.; Nicolas, Sarah; O’Leary, Olivia F.; Nolan, Yvonne M.

doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105147

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 199 publications

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“…The Western diet is the result of the development of food industrialization, which tends to be most advanced in the most industrialized countries, and the prevalence of this diet. 41,42 The traditional Western diet is characterized by high contents of sugars, animal-source proteins, and fats (e.g., hamburgers, hot dogs, desserts, sweets, and pastries), and low DF content (vegetables and fruits may be used as accompanying foods rather than primary foods). A large body of evidence suggests that the traditional Western diet is associated with dysbiosis of the gut microbiota, as evidenced by a decrease in the overall gut microbiota and drastic changes in the abundance of Bacteroidetes species.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dietary Fiber As Food For the Gut Microbiota And Its Influen...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Let food be your medicine – dietary fiber

Liu,

Li,

Cao

et al. 2024

Food Funct.

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Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dietary Fiber As Food For the Gut Microbiota And Its Influen...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Let food be your medicine – dietary fiber

Liu,

Li,

Cao

et al. 2024

Food Funct.

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“…For example, it has been shown that exercise impacts gut microbiota diversity and increases taxa that produce health-promoting metabolites such as short chain fatty acids (SCFA) [ 12 ]. A sedentary lifestyle represents a risk factor for cognitive impairments [ 13 ], and many studies now report that physical activity has beneficial effect on brain health [ 14 , 15 ]. Exercise increases level of growth factors such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) [ 16 ], vascular endothelial growth factor [ 17 ] or insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) [ 18 ] in the brain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise mitigates a gut microbiota-mediated reduction in adult hippocampal neurogenesis and associated behaviours in rats

Nicolas,

Dohm-Hansen,

Lavelle

et al. 2024

Transl Psychiatry

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Lifestyle factors, especially exercise, impact the manifestation and progression of psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders such as depression and Alzheimer’s disease, mediated by changes in hippocampal neuroplasticity. The beneficial effects of exercise may be due to its promotion of adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN). Gut microbiota has also been showed to be altered in a variety of brain disorders, and disturbances of the microbiota have resulted in alterations in brain and behaviour. However, whether exercise can counteract the negative effects of altered gut microbiota on brain function remains under explored. To this end, chronic disruption of the gut microbiota was achieved using an antibiotic cocktail in rats that were sedentary or allowed voluntary access to running wheels. Sedentary rats with disrupted microbiota displayed impaired performance in hippocampal neurogenesis-dependent tasks: the modified spontaneous location recognition task and the novelty suppressed feeding test. Performance in the elevated plus maze was also impaired due to antibiotics treatment. These behaviours, and an antibiotics-induced reduction in AHN were attenuated by voluntary exercise. The effects were independent of changes in the hippocampal metabolome but were paralleled by caecal metabolomic changes. Taken together these data highlight the importance of the gut microbiota in AHN-dependent behaviours and demonstrate the power of lifestyle factors such as voluntary exercise to attenuate these changes.

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