Ovarian follicle growth dynamics during the postpartum period in Holstein cows and effects of contemporary cyst occurrence

Abstract

ABSTRACT:The indicators of follicle development with regard to the growth wave order, the first ovulation, animal parity, and also with regard to the simultaneous presence or absence of a follicular cyst were determined in cows in the course of 60 days postpartum. Follicular dynamics were monitored daily by ultrasonography. The animals were assigned to three groups based on the time of the 1 st ovulation: G1 (n = 9) -the 1 st dominant follicle (DF) ovulated, G2 (n = 10) -ovulation occurred on the 2 nd or later follicular waves, and G3 (n = 5) -no ovulation occurred during the experimental period. G1 animals showed better fertility later (no cyst, less days open, P = 0.07, less hormonal treatment, P = 0.008). The rhythm of follicular wave development was generally similar in all the animals (based on emergence of the first follicular wave, the interval from emergence to deviation, and the number of all follicular waves). Nevertheless, emergence of follicular waves and deviation occurred by 0.5-0.9 day earlier in primiparous than in multiparous cows and in G1 vs. G2, or G3, respectively (in all P < 0.05). DF development was independent of parity as well as group effects, but the maximum size and growth rate (1.2 vs. 0.8 cm/day, P < 0.05) were higher in ovulatory follicles (OF) than in regressive ones (rDF). The presence of a growing cyst decreased the probability of rDF as well as OF development (P < 0.0001). The OF growth rate was faster in the milieu of a stagnating cyst than without any cyst (P < 0.04). Therefore, the development of follicles was dramatically suppressed beyond, but nor before, deviation in the milieu of a growing cyst. Cessation of the cyst growth accelerated the development of OFs. On the contrary, a cystic structure without any significant growth can persist for weeks with no effect on successful follicular development.

Quality of preimplantation embryos recovered in vivo from dairy cows in relation to their body condition

“…The dam's response to superovulation may be affected by numerous factors including physiological state, health state, age, body condition, season and others. In particular, the nutritional condition of the donor cow can protract the length of post partum anoestrus (Řehák et al , 2012) and has a substantial influence on the response of gonads to exogenous gonadotropin stimulation and production of good quality embryos (Nolan et al , 1998; Rajmon et al , 2012). Oocyte quality and embryo development may be negatively affected by a high-nutrition diet (Yaakub et al , 1999) or by restriction of feed ration (Louda & Stádník, 2000).…”

Effect of inbreeding on yield and quality of embryos recovered from superovulated Holstein cows

“…Reproduction of cows is a crucial economic factor responsible for the transfer of genetic information to progeny. Fertility can be evaluated using a wide range of indicators (1) closely linked to the activity of the ovaries and production of oocytes (2). These typical quantitative traits are affected by a number of genetic (3)(4)(5) as well as environmental factors, including the nutritional status and energy balance (6,7), level and quality of milk production (8), hormonal status of the organism (9), body condition (10), and overall health of the animal (11).…”

The Efficacy of Bovine Pituitary Extract for Treating Ovarian Hypofunction Cases in Bali Cattle

“…Ovulation was observed when the follicle reached a maximum diameter of 10.9 and 11.0mm in two-stage and three-stage development periods, respectively (Noseir 2003). Factors influencing the postpartum dominant follicle are closely related to the metabolic status of the animal, such as prepartum feeding, postpartum energy balance and parity (Rajmon et al 2012).…”