Overall performance evaluation of shallow maturation ponds in series treating UASB reactor effluent: Ten years of intensive monitoring of a system in Brazil

Aeromonas

“…An increasing susceptibility to Aeromonas infections after antibiotic treatment has also been reported (Sanchez-Cespedes et al, 2009;Dias et al, 2014).…”

Using indicators to assess microbial treatment and disinfection efficacy

“…Bacteria in pond systems die off more rapidly than viruses, and high temperatures, high algal activity (high pH and DO), and efficient hydrodynamics are among the most important factors for the reduction of fecal indicator bacteria in waste stabilization ponds. A 10-year study of three waste stabilization ponds in series treating the effluent of a UASB reactor showed that the ponds achieved >4 log 10 reduction during all seasons (Dias et al, 2014). The reduction of bacterial pathogens in waste stabilization ponds also appears to be similar to the reduction of fecal indicator bacteria such as E. coli (see chapter on Waste Stabilization Ponds in Part Four of the GWPP).…”

Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactors

“…The design engineer should ensure that systems using these reactors are equipped with appropriate posttreatment technologies and sludge treatment systems to remove pathogens from effluent and sludge to the extent necessary for safe reuse. Shallow (< 1 m) and/or baffled polishing ponds have been reported to be effective posttreatment technologies for the removal of helminth eggs and fecal indicator bacteria from UASB reactor effluent (Cavalcanti et al, 2001;Dias et al, 2014;Khan et al, 2011;von Sperling and Mascarenhas, 2005;von Sperling et al, , 2003von Sperling et al, , 2002. The depth of the polishing pond is important for enhancing pathogen removal.…”