Overcharge Protection for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries Using Electroactive Polymers

Chen, Guoying; Richardson, Thomas J.

doi:10.1149/1.1633162

Cited by 53 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…11 Oxidation of this polymer during overcharge generates an internal short which allows an overcharge current to pass harmlessly through the cell, while the subsequent reduction of the polymer on cessation of overcharging restores the polymer to its insulating state, and allows the cell to be discharged normally. The method has proven to be effective for other conductive polymers and other cathode materials, as will be detailed in a future report.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of an electroactive polymer for overcharge protection in secondary lithium batteries

Chen

Thomas‐Alyea

Newman

et al. 2005

Electrochimica Acta

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The optical, electronic, and electrochemical properties of thin films of the electroactive polymer, poly(3-butylthiophene) (P3BT), were studied in a lithium hexafluorophosphate electrolyte. Upon extraction of n electrons per polymer formula unit, anions are taken up to balance the charge, forming a polymer cation salt, (P3BT) mn+ (PF 6 -) mn (m is the number of formula units in the polymer chain), whose state of charge (SOC) varies with n. An in situ AC impedance method was developed to determine the electronic conductivity of the polymer at different states of charge. On oxidation of the insulating neutral P3BT polymer, the conductivity increased by eight orders of magnitude. The electrochemical potential, electronic conductivity, and optical spectrum at each state of charge were correlated, producing a color index of these primary characteristics. This allowed determination of the potential and state of charge as a function of location in transparent polymer films during propagation of an oxidation front across the film and during passage of steady-state currents through the polymer film.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of an electroactive polymer for overcharge protection in secondary lithium batteries

Chen

Thomas‐Alyea

Newman

et al. 2005

Electrochimica Acta

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“…The most investigated electroactive polymers are thiophene-based polymers 137,138,139 and phenylamine-based polymers. 140,141 Solutions of these polymers are used to impregnate standard commercial separators and then dried.…”

Section: Electroactive Separators For Overcharge Protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vehicle Battery Safety Roadmap Guidance

Doughty¹

2012

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Printed on paper containing at least 50% wastepaper, including 10% post consumer waste. ForewordIn 2010, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) entered into a subcontract agreement with Dr. Daniel Doughty, the principal of Battery Safety Consulting Inc. At NREL, we perform battery research and development (R&D) in areas of materials, modeling, testing, and system analysis, particularly as they relate to the lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery safety modeling and testing for electrified vehicles. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Energy Storage R&D Vehicle Technologies Program in the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy under DOE/VTP Agreement 16378 of the 1102000 B&R, NREL Task Number FC086200.The purpose of the subcontract was to investigate the research, development, and other activities related to the safety of Li-ion batteries for electric drive vehicles and to provide recommendations for developing a DOE roadmap for the safety of Li-ion batteries for electric drive vehicles. Dr. Doughty has a long, distinguished career in battery R&D, particularly at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL), where he was responsible for the safety and abuse tolerance testing of batteries for more than 15 years. Dr. Doughty has chaired the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) committee that revised and updated SAE Recommended Test Procedure J2464, "Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicle Rechargeable Energy Storage System (RESS) Safety and Abuse Testing," published November 2009. With his strong experience in battery safety and involvement with safety committees, Dr. Doughty was in a unique position to perform this work by collecting the necessary information, interacting with key players in the community, and providing recommendations.This document is divided into two sections: (1) the synopsis, which discusses high-level findings of the work, and (2) the full report, which provides a comprehensive, in-depth review of the state of the art and also discusses interactions with experts, users, researchers, and developers from different organizations interested in the safety of vehicle batteries.The findings and recommendations in this document will be taken into consideration by the Energy Storage R&D Program at the DOE Vehicle Technologies Program for further defining the R&D roadmap for developing safer batteries for electric drive vehicles. SynopsisThe safety of electrified vehicles with high-capacity energy storage devices creates challenges that must be met to ensure commercial acceptance of electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). One of the most important objectives of DOE's Office of Vehicle Technologies is to support the development of Li-ion batteries that are safe and abuse tolerant in electric drive vehicles.Batteries for EVs and HEVs, which in this document includes plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), are different from batteries developed for other applications. The environment that vehicle traction batteries experience during their life is more diff...

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“…Polyaniline is an intrinsically conductive polymer (ICP) that has the potential for use in a number of applications such as light emitting diodes, 1 rechargeable batteries, 2 electromagnetic interference shielding, 3 and smart windows. 4 One particularly promising application is in the area of corrosion prevention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of tanninsulfonic acid in the synthesis of water‐dispersible polyaniline

Taylor¹,

Cole²,

Berry³

et al. 2006

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Polyaniline was synthesized in the presence of tanninsulfonic acid to yield a product tanninsulfonic acid-doped polyaniline (TANI-PANI) that is water-dispersible. Several samples ranging from 0 to 70% tanninsulfonate (TS) were prepared. These samples were then evaluated for differences in dispersibility, particle size, and conductivity. As the percent of TS in the samples was increased, the water-dispersibility of the TANI-PANI also increased. The particle size of the samples as well as the conductivity of the samples decreased with increasing percentages of TS in the samples. After extensive washings, however, the conductivity remained fairly constant ($0.5 S/cm) regardless of the amount of TS in the samples. Additionally, elemental analysis, TGA, and IR data were used to demonstrate that the TS may be grafted to polyaniline during the synthesis of TANI-PANI.

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Overcharge Protection for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries Using Electroactive Polymers

Cited by 53 publications

References 7 publications

Characterization of an electroactive polymer for overcharge protection in secondary lithium batteries

Characterization of an electroactive polymer for overcharge protection in secondary lithium batteries

Vehicle Battery Safety Roadmap Guidance

Use of tanninsulfonic acid in the synthesis of water‐dispersible polyaniline

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