Overcoming Obstacles in Liquid Biopsy Developments for Prostate Cancer

Jang, Albert; Rauterkus, Grant; Vaishampayan, Ulka N.; Barata, Pedro C.

doi:10.2147/ott.s285758

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 119 publications

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“…Liquid biopsy, which involves collecting biological fluid from patients to analyze tumor characteristics such as cell-free DNA and CTCs, has rapidly advanced in the field of prostate cancer for guiding diagnosis and treatment plans due to the ease of collection compared to tissue biopsies. 45 Studies with liquid biopsies and RLT are underway. Gorges et al .…”

Section: Predicting Outcomes With Psma-rltmentioning

confidence: 99%

Status of PSMA-targeted radioligand therapy in prostate cancer: current data and future trials

Jang

Kendi

2023

Ther Adv Med Oncol

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Metastatic prostate cancer continues to be an incurable disease. Despite all the novel therapies approved in the past two decades, overall patient outcomes remain relatively poor, and these patients die on a regular basis. Clearly, improvements in current therapies are needed. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a target for prostate cancer given its increased expression on the surface of the prostate cancer cells. PSMA small molecule binders include PSMA-617 and PSMA-I&T and monoclonal antibodies such as J591. These agents have been linked to different radionuclides including beta-emitters such as lutetium-177 and alpha-emitters such as actinium-225. The only regulatory-approved PSMA-targeted radioligand therapy (PSMA-RLT) to date is lutetium-177–PSMA-617 in the setting of PSMA-positive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer that has failed androgen receptor pathway inhibitors and taxane chemotherapy. This approval was based on the phase III VISION trial. Many other clinical trials are evaluating PSMA-RLT in various settings. Both monotherapy and combination studies are underway. This article summarizes pertinent data from recent studies and provides an overview of human clinical trials in progress. The field of PSMA-RLT is rapidly evolving, and this therapeutic approach will likely play an increasingly important role in the years to come.

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Section: Predicting Outcomes With Psma-rltmentioning

confidence: 99%

Status of PSMA-targeted radioligand therapy in prostate cancer: current data and future trials

Jang

Kendi

2023

Ther Adv Med Oncol

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“…In this cohort, 14 patients who had received either enzalutamide or abiraterone had AR-V7 positivity and experienced both decreased median PFS (3 months vs 20 months, p < 0.001) and median OS (8 months vs NR, p < 0.001) [103]. This detection method potentially provides a simpler, less intensive, and cheaper method of detecting AR-V7 status compared to using CTCs without the limitations of CTCs (as molecular heterogeneity) [41,103,104]. Nanou et al utilized the CellSearch system in the blood of CRPC patients and enumerated several subclasses of CTCs and tdEVs, finding that patients with >5 CTCs and >10 5 tdEVs were associated with poor OS [105].…”

Section: Evs In Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer (Crpc)mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…These findings demonstrate the potential use of EVs from liquid biopsies in stratifying high-risk prostate cancer. McKiernan et al designed the ExoDx Prostate (IntelliScore) urine exosome gene expression assay, which quantifies the expression of three genes (PCA3, ERG, and SPDEF) from urine in patients with equivocal PSA level [40] and remains the only exosome-based liquid biopsy successful assay approved by the FDA for any malignancy thus far [41,42]. The use of exosomal assays can help in preventing overdiagnosis and overtreatment in order to better assess which patients benefit from aggressive interventions.…”

Section: Role Of Evs In Prostate Cancer Progressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sequentially, the MVBs perform the extracellular release of exosomes by fusing with the plasma membrane (Figure 1) [4,18]. Recent studies have indicated that the classification of exosomes is largely dependent on the given intracellular trafficking pathways, resulting in the different vesicle sizes and cargo contents [37,38,40,41]. The endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT) proteins along with the Rab small GTPase family serve a crucial role in modulation of exosomal secretion and trafficking [27].…”

Section: Extracellular Vesicles-introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical Significance of Extracellular Vesicles in Prostate and Renal Cancer

Chen,

Mihalopoulos,

Zuluaga

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs)—including apoptotic bodies, microvesicles, and exosomes—are released by almost all cell types and contain molecular footprints from their cell of origin, including lipids, proteins, metabolites, RNA, and DNA. They have been successfully isolated from blood, urine, semen, and other body fluids. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of the predictive value of EVs in prostate and renal cancer. We also describe the findings supporting the use of EVs from liquid biopsies in stratifying high-risk prostate/kidney cancer and advanced disease, such as castration-resistant (CRPC) and neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) as well as metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Assays based on EVs isolated from urine and blood have the potential to serve as highly sensitive diagnostic studies as well as predictive measures of tumor recurrence in patients with prostate and renal cancers. Overall, we discuss the biogenesis, isolation, liquid-biopsy, and therapeutic applications of EVs in CRPC, NEPC, and RCC.

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“…Liquid biopsy is a powerful tool for isolating genetic material, proteins, and whole tumor cells from the blood. This technology has rapidly advanced, allowing for better insights into the pathogenesis and treatment response in different stages of prostate cancer [3].…”

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confidence: 99%

Liquid Biopsy: A New Emerging Technique

2023

J Urol Ren Dis

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Liquid biopsy contrary to tissue biopsy utilizes samples of blood, urine, or other body fluid to look for cancer cells from a tumor or small pieces of DNA, RNA, or other molecules released by tumor cells into a person's body fluids. Liquid biopsy is a new test with several potential advanced uses in cancer treatment, with a few U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved uses. Research into its benefits is continuing [1]. Prostate cancer (PCa) is common in men and can be localized or aggressive. Biomarkers such as PSA has limited specificity and sensitivity. There is an urgent need for better biomarkers that can differentiate benign from malignant prostate conditions, localized from metastatic as well as aggressive from slow disease.

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Overcoming Obstacles in Liquid Biopsy Developments for Prostate Cancer

Cited by 4 publications

References 119 publications

Status of PSMA-targeted radioligand therapy in prostate cancer: current data and future trials

Status of PSMA-targeted radioligand therapy in prostate cancer: current data and future trials

Clinical Significance of Extracellular Vesicles in Prostate and Renal Cancer

Liquid Biopsy: A New Emerging Technique

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