Overcoming the matrix effect in the element analysis of steel: Laser ablation-spark discharge-optical emission spectroscopy (LA-SD-OES) and Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS)

Ultrashort and short-pulse laser ablation for chemical element analysis and thin film deposition of complex materials

“…Industrial steel samples with a relatively high silicon content (up to approx. 6.5 wt%) have been investigated by LIBS and a strong influence of the Si concentration on the measured intensities of various iron emission lines has been observed (Figure 5, left) [21]. This cross-sensitivity is observed also for calibration curves of the minor element manganese which show different sensitivity for samples of low (<2 wt%) and high (>2 wt%) Si concentration.…”

“…The LA-SD-OES measured emission intensities of the Fe lines are independent of the Si concentration (Figure 5, right). Furthermore, the calibration curve of Mn shows the same sensitivity (slope of curve) for all steel samples independent of the Si concentration [21]. Obviously, in LA-SD-OES the disadvantageous matrix effect is suppressed and the method can be employed to analyze such high alloyed steel materials.…”

Atomic spectrometry update: review of advances in the analysis of metals, chemicals and materials

“…Grunberger et al presented an interesting paper in which the matrix effects observed during the analysis of steel using laser ablation-spark discharge (SD)-OES was compared with those from LIBS analyses . 31 Thirty-six samples were analysed, all of which had an Fe content of >94%. The laser energy used for the LIBS was 55 mJ, which was the same as the total for the LA-SD-OES (5 mJ for the LA and 50 mJ for the spark discharge).…”

Quantitative analysis of cement raw materials based on nanoparticle-enhanced laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

“…It has a wide range of applications in industrial elds, traditional Chinese medicine classication, and Mars exploration. [1][2][3][4][5] However, there are limitations of low detection accuracy and poor repeatability in complex environments. In order to improve the detection accuracy of the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy technique, many studies have been carried out, such as those based on rare gases, connement cavities, double-pulse enhancement and other methods.…”