Oviposition Preference and Larval Performance of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on Rice Genotypes

Liao, Chung-Ta; Chen, Chung-Li

doi:10.1093/jee/tox071

Cited by 15 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Two rice (O. sativa L.) varieties, namely, Qingliu and TN1, were used for this study. Qingliu is a C. medinalis-resistant variety 20 , whereas TN1 is a C. medinalis-susceptible variety 21 . Seeds were first surface sterilized with 2% (v/v) NaOCl for 40 min and further washed in distilled water.…”

Section: Methods Plant Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent study differentiated C. medinalis -resistant and C. medinalis -susceptible rice genotypes based on larval performance parameters, such as the percentage of rolled leaves 20 . The Qingliu ( indica ) rice genotype exhibited the lowest percentage of rolled-leaf damage inflicted by C. medinalis , indicating the resistance of this genotype to the pest.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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SWATH-MS-based quantitative proteomics reveals a uniquely intricate defense response in Cnaphalocrocis medinalis-resistant rice

Cheah

Lin

Chien

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Cnaphalocrocis medinalis is a major insect pest of rice in Asia. A few defensive enzymes were reported to show higher activities in a resistant rice line (Qingliu) than in a susceptible rice line (TN1) upon leaffolder infestation. However, the overall molecular regulation of the rice defense response against leaffolder herbivory is unknown. Here, differential proteomic analysis by SWATH-MS was performed to identify differentially expressed proteins between the two rice varieties, Qingliu and TN1, at four time points of leaffolder herbivory, 0, 6, 24, and 72 h. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment of the differentially expressed proteins indicated overrepresentation of (1) photosynthesis, (2) amino acid and derivative metabolic process, and (3) secondary metabolic process. Phenylalanine ammonia lyase and chalcone synthase, which catalyze flavonoid biosynthesis, and lipoxygenase, which catalyzes jasmonic acid biosynthesis, exhibited higher expression in Qingliu than in TN1 even before insect herbivory. Momentary activation of the light reaction and Calvin cycle was detected in Qingliu at 6 h and 24 h of insect herbivory, respectively. At 72 h of insect herbivory, amino acid biosynthesis and glutathionemediated antioxidation were activated in Qingliu. A defense response involving jasmonic acid signaling, carbon remobilization, and the production of flavonoids and glutathione could underlie the resistance of Qingliu to leaffolder. Rice production in Asia is affected by a harmful insect pest, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenée) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), also known as the rice leaffolder 1. Leaffolder caterpillars feed on mesophyll tissues, interfering with photosynthesis and then reducing yield 2. The affected leaf blades appear white, so heavily infested fields may have 'scorched'-looking patches. This insect herbivore can complete three life cycles during each rice cropping season in Taiwan 3,4. The application of chemical insecticides is the main method used to control pest populations in rice fields 5. However, this method of pest control is rendered less effective because the caterpillars build a feeding chamber by folding a leaf longitudinally with silk, and the chamber indirectly protects the pests from the chemical spray. When plants are infested by insect pests, they can differentiate diverse types of insects based on the insect elicitors or the nature of the damage caused by the insects 6. The plants immediately activate various defensive signaling pathways, including those associated with mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phytohormones, such as jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA) and ethylene (ET) 7. Chewing insects are generally known to trigger JA signaling pathways, while phloem-feeding insects trigger the SA signaling pathway 8. The JA and SA signaling pathways also participate in antagonistic crosstalk in plant-insect herbivory interactions 8. Because the signaling pathways triggered by different herbivorous insects vary, the production of downstream defensive proteins and secondary metabolites is...

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Section: Methods Plant Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SWATH-MS-based quantitative proteomics reveals a uniquely intricate defense response in Cnaphalocrocis medinalis-resistant rice

Cheah

Lin

Chien

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…1). Seeds of a C. medinalis -resistant rice variety, Qingliu (Liao and Chen 2017), were obtained from TDARES. Qingliu plants have higher mortality rate and lower growth rate on C. medinalis larvae than TN1 plants (Guo et al 2019).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic and phenotypic evaluation of rice susceptible check TN1 collected in Taiwan

Huang

Huang³

et al. 2019

Bot Stud

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Background Taichung Native 1 (TN1), a variety of rice ( Oryza sativa L.) developed in Taiwan, has played a key role in the green revolution of this major staple crop because of its semi-dwarf characteristics. Due to its susceptibility, it has been used as a susceptibility indicator in rice insect and pathogen resistance studies worldwide. While within-variety differences have been reported for agronomic traits in other rice varieties, no study has addressed the within-variety consistency of pathogen and insect susceptibility of TN1, which would influence the result interpretation of plant-pest interaction studies. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the genomic consistency and to assess a range of agronomic and insect susceptibility traits in three representative accessions of TN1 in Taiwan. Results Among these three accessions, two were identical across 43,325 genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) while the third one differed at four SNPs. Of the three accessions of TN1, there were minor differences in seed length, seed breadth, length/width ratio, number of leaves and tillers, and number of unfilled seeds. Besides, there was no effect on relative growth rate of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis larvae fed on the three accession sources. Furthermore, there is no different on plant susceptibility among these three accessions against C. medinalis and Nilaparvata lugens . Conclusion Our study indicates that it is appropriate to use TN1 in Taiwan to test for rice insect susceptibility as it yields consistent results.

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“…Previous studies consistently showed that the Qingliu (QL) rice variety is resistant to leaffolder infestation [ 24 – 26 ]. Qingliu is a local native indica rice variety in Taiwan where its cultivation record can be dated back to the Qing dynasty era around 1742 [ 27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomics identifies key defense mechanisms in rice resistant to both leaf-feeding and phloem feeding herbivores

Cheah

Fang

et al. 2021

BMC Plant Biol

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Background Outbreaks of insect pests in paddy fields cause heavy losses in global rice yield annually, a threat projected to be aggravated by ongoing climate warming. Although significant progress has been made in the screening and cloning of insect resistance genes in rice germplasm and their introgression into modern cultivars, improved rice resistance is only effective against either chewing or phloem-feeding insects. Results In this study, the results from standard and modified seedbox screening, settlement preference and honeydew excretion tests consistently showed that Qingliu, a previously known leaffolder-resistant rice variety, is also moderately resistant to brown planthopper (BPH). High-throughput RNA sequencing showed a higher number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at the infestation site, with 2720 DEGs in leaves vs 181 DEGs in sheaths for leaffolder herbivory and 450 DEGs in sheaths vs 212 DEGs in leaves for BPH infestation. The leaf-specific transcriptome revealed that Qingliu responds to leaffolder feeding by activating jasmonic acid biosynthesis genes and genes regulating the shikimate and phenylpropanoid pathways that are essential for the biosynthesis of salicylic acid, melatonin, flavonoids and lignin defensive compounds. The sheath-specific transcriptome revealed that Qingliu responds to BPH infestation by inducing salicylic acid-responsive genes and those controlling cellular signaling cascades. Taken together these genes could play a role in triggering defense mechanisms such as cell wall modifications and cuticular wax formation. Conclusions This study highlighted the key defensive responses of a rarely observed rice variety Qingliu that has resistance to attacks by two different feeding guilds of herbivores. The leaffolders are leaf-feeder while the BPHs are phloem feeders, consequently Qingliu is considered to have dual resistance. Although the defense responses of Qingliu to both insect pest types appear largely dissimilar, the phenylpropanoid pathway (or more specifically phenylalanine ammonia-lyase genes) could be a convergent upstream pathway. However, this possibility requires further studies. This information is valuable for breeding programs aiming to generate broad spectrum insect resistance in rice cultivars.

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Oviposition Preference and Larval Performance of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on Rice Genotypes

Cited by 15 publications

References 19 publications

SWATH-MS-based quantitative proteomics reveals a uniquely intricate defense response in Cnaphalocrocis medinalis-resistant rice

SWATH-MS-based quantitative proteomics reveals a uniquely intricate defense response in Cnaphalocrocis medinalis-resistant rice

Genomic and phenotypic evaluation of rice susceptible check TN1 collected in Taiwan

Transcriptomics identifies key defense mechanisms in rice resistant to both leaf-feeding and phloem feeding herbivores

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