Ovothiol A is the Main Antioxidant in Fish Lens

Yanshole, Vadim V.; Yanshole, Lyudmila V.; Zelentsova, Ekaterina A.; Tsentalovich, Yuri P.

doi:10.3390/metabo9050095

Cited by 27 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…For example, ovothiols have been reported to induce egg release in marine polychaetes during sexual reproduction [53]. Interestingly, ovothiols might play important roles also in animals that, although lacking the biosynthetic pathway, might acquire this bioactive compound from external sources [49,54,55].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into the Light Response of Skeletonema marinoi: Involvement of Ovothiol

et al. 2020

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Diatoms are one of the most widespread groups of microalgae on Earth. They possess extraordinary metabolic capabilities, including a great ability to adapt to different light conditions. Recently, we have discovered that the diatom Skeletonema marinoi produces the natural antioxidant ovothiol B, until then identified only in clams. In this study, we investigated the light-dependent modulation of ovothiol biosynthesis in S. marinoi. Diatoms were exposed to different light conditions, ranging from prolonged darkness to low or high light, also differing in the velocity of intensity increase (sinusoidal versus square-wave distribution). The expression of the gene encoding the key ovothiol biosynthetic enzyme, ovoA, was upregulated by high sinusoidal light mimicking natural conditions. Under this situation higher levels of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide as well as ovothiol and glutathione increase were detected. No ovoA modulation was observed under prolonged darkness nor low sinusoidal light. Unnatural conditions such as continuous square-wave light induced a very high oxidative stress leading to a drop in cell growth, without enhancing ovoA gene expression. Only one of the inducible forms of nitric oxide synthase, nos2, was upregulated by light with consequent production of NO under sinusoidal light and darkness conditions. Our data suggest that ovothiol biosynthesis is triggered by a combined light stress caused by natural distribution and increased photon flux density, with no influence from the daily light dose. These results open new perspectives for the biotechnological production of ovothiols, which are receiving a great interest for their biological activities in human model systems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into the Light Response of Skeletonema marinoi: Involvement of Ovothiol

et al. 2020

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“…The extracts for NMR measurements were re-dissolved in 600 μL of D 2 O containing 6 × 10 −6 M sodium 4,4-dimethyl-4-silapentane-1-sulfonic acid (DSS) as an internal standard and 20 mM deuterated phosphate buffer to maintain pH 7.2. The 1 H-NMR measurements were carried out in the Center of Collective Use «Mass spectrometric investigations» SB RAS on a NMR spectrometer AVANCE III HD 700 MHz (Bruker BioSpin, Germany) equipped with a 16.44 T Ascend cryomagnet as described in 43 . The proton NMR spectra for each sample were obtained with 64 accumulations.…”

Section: Animals R Amurensis Individuals Were Collected In Septembementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this work, LC-MS measurements were performed only for the confirmation of data obtained by the NMR method. The LC separation was performed on a UltiMate 3000RS chromatograph (Dionex, Germany) using a hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) method on a TSKgel Amide-80 h (Tosoh Bioscience, Germany) column (4.6 × 250 mm, 5 μm) as described earlier 43 . The MS detection in both positive and negative modes was performed with the use of an ESI-q-TOF high-resolution hybrid mass spectrometer maXis 4G (Bruker Daltonics, Germany) connected to the chromatograph.…”

Section: Lc-ms Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic response of the Siberian wood frog Rana amurensis to extreme hypoxia

Shekhovtsov

Булахова

Tsentalovich

et al. 2020

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the Siberian wood frog Rana amurensis is a recently discovered example of extreme hypoxia tolerance that is able to survive several months without oxygen. We studied metabolomic profiles of heart and liver of R. amurensis exposed to 17 days of extreme hypoxia. Without oxygen, the studied tissues experience considerable stress with a drastic decrease of ATP, phosphocreatine, and NAD+ concentrations, and concomitant increase of AMP, creatine, and NADH. Heart and liver switch to different pathways of glycolysis with differential accumulation of lactate, alanine, succinate, as well as 2,3-butanediol (previously not reported for vertebrates as an end product of glycolysis) and depletion of aspartate. We also observed statistically significant changes in concentrations of certain osmolytes and choline-related compounds. Low succinate/fumarate ratio and high glutathione levels indicate adaptations to reoxygenation stress. Our data suggest that maintenance of the ATP/ADP pool is not required for survival of R. amurensis, in contrast to anoxia-tolerant turtles. Anoxia is a huge stress for the majority of vertebrates. Amphibians are considered to be relatively anoxia-intolerant, in contrast to a few turtle species and certain fish species 1-3 : the most resistant species are known to survive anoxia for a few days at most. However, a recent study 4 proved that the Siberian wood frog Rana amurensis can tolerate almost complete anoxia at 2-3 °C (below 0.2 mg/L oxygen, i.e., less than 1.5% of the normal concentration at this temperature) for several months. This is on par with the best vertebrate models from other classes. Moreover, while red-eared slider turtles, the most studied anoxia-tolerant tetrapods, are dormant under anoxia, the Siberian wood frog is able to react to stimuli, e.g., to flee when disturbed. R. amurensis is thus a unique model of extreme hypoxia tolerance among terrestrial vertebrates. The natural range of R. amurensis includes Northeastern China and Siberia from the Urals to the coast of the Okhotsk sea; its northern distribution is limited by about 71° N. It overwinters under ice in water bodies. Many of these lakes are shallow (< 3 m) due to thermokarst origin, i.e. resulting from local melting of permafrost. Experimental studies 4 demonstrated that during the winter oxygen is depleted in overwintering sites till almost complete anoxia. Siberian wood frogs overwinter for 6 to 7 months in different regions under hypoxia until they can leave the lakes in April-early May. The mechanisms of adaptation to the lack of oxygen are totally unknown for R. amurensis. Here we made an attempt to study this phenomenon using 1 H-NMR-based quantitative metabolomics. This method simultaneously yields concentrations of multiple metabolites 5. At the present, the detailed quantitative metabolomic composition is known for many human tissues, but for very few animals 6-8. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the quantitative metabolomic analysis of amphibian tissues. We determined concentrations of ove...

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“…The major antioxidant of the fish lens is OSH 12 . It has been shown that the level of OSH in S. lucioperca lens vary from 3 µmol/g at autumn to 1.5 µmol/g at winter 15 , which is in a good agreement with our present data ( Table 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Most abundant metabolites in tissues of freshwater fish pike-perch (Sander lucioperca)

Tsentalovich

Zelentsova

Yanshole

et al. 2020

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Quantitative metabolomic analysis was performed for eleven tissues of freshwater fish pike-perch (Sander lucioperca), including gill, heart, liver, kidney, spleen, muscle, brain, milt, lens, aqueous (AH) and vitreous (VH) humors with the use of NMR spectroscopy. The absolute values of concentrations were determined for more than 65 most abundant metabolites in every tissue. It was found that from the metabolomic viewpoint, kidney and gill are the most similar tissues, while the metabolomic compositions of ocular tissues—lens, AH, and VH significantly differ from that of other tissues. The combinations of intracellular osmolytes and antioxidants are specific for every tissue. In particular, the concentration of antioxidant ovothiol A in the lens is much higher than in any other tissue, while the brain enjoys the elevated level of ascorbate. The most abundant osmolyte in the fish spleen, muscle, and heart is taurine, and in the brain, gill, and lens—myo-inositol. Other important osmolytes specific for particular tissues are N-acetyl-histidine, N-acetyl-aspartate, betaine, threonine-phosphoethanolamine, and serine-phosphoethanolamine. The quantitative data obtained in the present work can be used as the baseline metabolite concentrations in the fish tissues to evaluate the influence of seasonal, ecological and other factors on the fish metabolism.

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Ovothiol A is the Main Antioxidant in Fish Lens

Cited by 27 publications

References 38 publications

Insights into the Light Response of Skeletonema marinoi: Involvement of Ovothiol

Insights into the Light Response of Skeletonema marinoi: Involvement of Ovothiol

Metabolic response of the Siberian wood frog Rana amurensis to extreme hypoxia

Most abundant metabolites in tissues of freshwater fish pike-perch (Sander lucioperca)

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