Oxidant/antioxidant status and hyperfiltration in young patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a major cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetes, will develop within a subset of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients, and oxidative stress has been implicated in its pathogenesis. To investigate the relationship between indicators of early DN stages (hyperfiltration estimated by creatinine clearance > or =150 ml/min per 1.73 m(2), microalbuminuria) and oxidative stress, a prospective study was conducted in 29 T1DM patients (age 13.89 +/- 4.61 years) and 18 control subjects (age 13.23 +/- 3.99 years). Blood samples were collected to assay for biomarkers of oxidative stress (malondialdehyde and carbonyl groups) and antioxidants (glutathione peroxidase, reduced glutathione, alpha-tocopherol, and beta-carotene). With respect to control subjects, in T1DM patients, an increase was found in biomarkers of oxidative stress (p < 0.05), mainly due to the group of subjects with hyperfiltration, and a decrease in the ratio alpha-tocopherol/lipids (p < 0.05). In multiple regression analyses, age at disease onset, glycated hemoglobin, microalbuminuria, and oxidative stress biomarkers remained as explicative variables of hyperfiltration (R (2) adjusted = 0.731, p = 0.000). These findings support the importance of the oxidative damage to lipids and proteins, which is linked to hyperfiltration and which could contribute to the development of DN in patients with T1DM.

Elevation of oxidative stress markers in Type 1 diabetic children

“…The identification of oxidation proteins was made by assay of carbonyl proteins, whose concentration increased in plasma of diabetic children when compared with control; these results are in agreement with previous studies (Dominguez et al, 1998;Hernández-Marco et al, 2009). Carbonyl group formation is considered an early and stable marker for protein oxidation.…”

Cisplatin nephrotoxicity aggravated by cardiovascular disease and diabetes in lung cancer patients

“…In addition to physiological ageing, intrarenal arterial sclerosis is accelerated by longterm hypertension and diabetes mellitus [18]. Diabetes mellitus is complicated with early renal function decline [24,25]. As a result of all these, the course of other primary renal diseases (glomerulonephritis, acute renal failure and endotoxin-induced thrombosis) become accelerated [28,29].…”

“…Chronic systemic hypertension [23] and diabetes mellitus [24,25] accelerate ageing of the kidney. OHTA et al [26] demonstrated higher pulse-wave velocity, a sign of atherosclerosis, in main renal arteries and the renal interlobar arteries of middle-aged patients suffering from hypertension and diabetes mellitus.…”

Malondialdehyde and Pentosidine in Young Type 1 Diabetic Patients

“…Activation of multiple metabolic pathways in diabetes leads to increased generation of reactive oxygen species. However, oxidative effects of reactive oxygen species are generally controlled by both endogenous and exogenous antioxidants [23].…”