Oxidative potential and in vitro toxicity of particles generated by pyrotechnic smokes in human small airway epithelial cells

Lagarde, Violaine Martin de; Rogez-Florent, Tiphaine; Cazier, Fabrice; Dewaele, Dorothée; Cazier-Dennin, Francine; Ollivier, Alexane; Janona, Marion; Achard, Sophie; André, Véronique; Monteil, Christelle; Corbière, Cécile

doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113637

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…24 h of exposure to RSS and HC-OS particles did not affect cell viability, which is in line with our previous study in SAEC(Martin de Lagarde et al, 2022). Other studies on total aerosol generated by red smokes and HC based smokes reported to cause decrease in cell viability of BEAS-2B and A549 cell lines, 24 h and 48 h after exposure(Hemmilä et al, 2010(Hemmilä et al, , 2013Hemmilä, Hihkiö, Kasanen, et al, 2007;van Hulst et al, 2017).…”

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confidence: 88%

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Toxicity of acute or repeated exposures to particles from pyrotechnic smokes in normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells 3D culture

Lagarde

Chevalier

Meausoone

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background Hexachloroethane (HC) based smokes and colored pyrotechnic smokes are widely used in the military field, as screening and signaling smokes, that are reported to cause pulmonary toxic effects in humans and in animal studies. Toxicity of pyrotechnic smokes might be caused by the inhalation of particles that composed the smoke and gives the desired pyrotechnic effect. In a previous study, we showed that smoke particles from a red signaling smoke (RSS) and from an HC obscuring smoke (HC-OS) have an intrinsic oxidative potential and induce an adaptive response in human small airway epithelial cells after an acute exposure. Thus, the aim of this study was to further explore the underlying mechanisms of toxicity linked to oxidative stress response of RSS and HC-OS particles, by using a 3D model of normal human bronchial epithelial cells (NHBE) cultured at the air-liquid interface (ALI). Results Acute exposure (24 h) to HC-OS particles induced a weak antioxidant response, characterized by increases of glutathione level and weak increase of one enzymatic antioxidant mRNA expression (NQO-1). Acute exposure to RSS particles induced oxidative stress characterized by production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), increases of glutathione level, increases mRNA expression of several enzymatic antioxidants (SOD-1, SOD-2, HO-1, NQO-1) and expression of NQO-1 protein as well as increase expression of IL-8 mRNA. We noticed that 24 h post-exposure to RSS particles, antioxidant response was still induced. Additionally, 24 h post-exposure to RSS particles revealed internalization of particles and morphological changes in 3D NHBE cells like loss of cilia and a cubic epithelium. Repeated exposures to RSS particles on 3D NHBE cells did not induce oxidative stress while cubic changing aspects of 3D NHBE cells were observed. Conclusions Thus, although further studies are needed to understand the mechanisms underlying these cubic changes, these results revealed differences in toxicity responses between the two types of particles, characterized by an RSS particles-induced oxidative stress as well as morphologic changes. Overall, this study provides a better overview of the toxic effects of pyrotechnic smoke particles whose toxic risks were very little studied.

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confidence: 88%

“…Martin de Lagarde et al, 2022). With the aim of getting closer to the human in vivo conditions, here we used NHBE cells grown at ALI during 14 days that formed a pseudo-strati ed mucociliary epithelium (Juarez-Facio et al, 2022).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity of acute or repeated exposures to particles from pyrotechnic smokes in normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells 3D culture

Lagarde

Chevalier

Meausoone

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Particles were removed from the filters by scratching, were suspended in ultrapure water at 500 µg/mL, and sonicated for 60 min at 40 kHz. As described in our previous studies, diesel particles were used as a positive control for oxidative potential measurement [ 32 , 33 ]. Then, particle suspensions were aliquoted and stored at −20 °C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrafine Particles Issued from Gasoline-Fuels and Biofuel Surrogates Combustion: A Comparative Study of the Physicochemical and In Vitro Toxicological Effects

Juárez-Facio

Rogez-Florent

Meausoone

et al. 2022

Toxics

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Gasoline emissions contain high levels of pollutants, including particulate matter (PM), which are associated with several health outcomes. Moreover, due to the depletion of fossil fuels, biofuels represent an attractive alternative, particularly second-generation biofuels (B2G) derived from lignocellulosic biomass. Unfortunately, compared to the abundant literature on diesel and gasoline emissions, relatively few studies are devoted to alternative fuels and their health effects. This study aimed to compare the adverse effects of gasoline and B2G emissions on human bronchial epithelial cells. We characterized the emissions generated by propane combustion (CAST1), gasoline Surrogate, and B2G consisting of Surrogate blended with anisole (10%) (S+10A) or ethanol (10%) (S+10E). To study the cellular effects, BEAS-2B cells were cultured at air-liquid interface for seven days and exposed to different emissions. Cell viability, oxidative stress, inflammation, and xenobiotic metabolism were measured. mRNA expression analysis was significantly modified by the Surrogate S+10A and S+10E emissions, especially CYP1A1 and CYP1B1. Inflammation markers, IL-6 and IL-8, were mainly downregulated doubtless due to the PAHs content on PM. Overall, these results demonstrated that ultrafine particles generated from biofuels Surrogates had a toxic effect at least similar to that observed with a gasoline substitute (Surrogate), involving probably different toxicity pathways.

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“…According to Martin de Lagarde et al [12], the intrinsic oxidative potential of SRM ® 2585 and its PM 10 and PM 2.5 subfractions was determined with an ascorbic acid (AA) depletion assay and with a dithiothreitol (DTT) assay. The particles were tested using a range of final concentration from 1.1 to 110 µg/mL.…”

Section: Oxidative Potential Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrinsic Characteristics and Biological Effects of Standard Reference Indoor Dust SRM® 2585 and Its Inhalable Subfractions PM10 and PM2.5

Hajjar

Rogez-Florent²,

Séguin³

et al. 2022

Atmosphere

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Standard Reference Material® (SRM®) 2585 can be considered as a model sample of settled indoor dust. At least 168 adsorbed chemicals were identified and quantified, generating a complex and potentially toxic mixture. Inhalable fractions PM10 and PM2.5 were isolated and compared to SRM® 2585 for their intrinsic properties and their respiratory toxicity using pertinent normal human bronchoepithelial (NHBE) cells. The intrinsic oxidative potential (OP) of SRM® 2585 and its subfractions was measured in acellular conditions, together with ROS generation and endotoxin content. For SRM® 2585 and PM10, cellular responses were evaluated on NHBE cells after 72 h exposure (1.1 to 110 µg/mL). The presence of endotoxins associated with an intrinsic prooxidant potential did not lead to the induction of an inflammatory response. Interestingly, cytokine production was decreased, strongly for IL-1β and to a lesser extent for IL-6. Only PM10 induced an acute toxicity. In parallel, mutagenicity was evaluated from organic extracts. Mutagenic profiles indicated the concomitant presence of nitro-PAHs in addition to the previously reported PAHs. This could be of concern for long-term health effects in a context of chronic exposure.

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Oxidative potential and in vitro toxicity of particles generated by pyrotechnic smokes in human small airway epithelial cells

Cited by 7 publications

References 69 publications

Toxicity of acute or repeated exposures to particles from pyrotechnic smokes in normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells 3D culture

Toxicity of acute or repeated exposures to particles from pyrotechnic smokes in normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells 3D culture

Ultrafine Particles Issued from Gasoline-Fuels and Biofuel Surrogates Combustion: A Comparative Study of the Physicochemical and In Vitro Toxicological Effects

Intrinsic Characteristics and Biological Effects of Standard Reference Indoor Dust SRM® 2585 and Its Inhalable Subfractions PM10 and PM2.5

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