Oxidative stress and antioxidative parameters in patients with spinal cord injury: implications in the pathogenesis of disease

Abstract

Study design: Oxygen-derived free radicals have been implicated in the pathogenesis of spinal cord injury (SCI) after trauma. Objective: In this review we will elucidate the importance of oxidative stress and antioxidants and its possible relationship with SCI. Methods: Literature analysis of oxidative stress, antioxidative parameters based on its implications in the pathogenesis along with devastating effect of oxidative stress parameters on SCI patients and its suggested proposed treatment by antioxidants have been performed. Results: SCI remains a major health problem despite advances in neurotechnology. Previous studies have reported oxidative stress in SCI patients, but the results were inconsistent. Furthermore, increased free radical levels are reported in SCI. Moreover, we have also mentioned in this review that oxidative stress is supposed to be increased in patients with SCI, which is related to the severity of SCI pain. Conclusion: Oxidative stress was commonly seen in SCI patients, which may provide useful information to augment the understanding of pathophysiology of SCI patients. However, complete understanding of the biochemical events occurring at a cellular level that influence oxidative damage is required to guide future therapeutic advances. Furthermore, supplementation of antioxidants may also be considered in these patients.

Assessment of Neuroprotective Properties ofMelissa officinalisin Combination With Human Umbilical Cord Blood Stem Cells After Spinal Cord Injury

“…Cord blood stem cells promote the synthesis of MBP and proteolipid protein in the injured areas, thereby facilitating the process of remyelination (Dasari et al., 2009). Conversely, a large number of experimental evidences support oxidative stress as important mediators of secondary cell death after SCI (Cuzzocrea and Genovese, 2008; Jia et al., 2012; Fatima et al., 2015). It has been shown that administration of MO extract has powerful antioxidant effects which are probably exerted through the rosmarinic acid and the benzodioxole present in the extract.…”

“…In addition, the secondary process includes the cascades of cellular and biological disruptions which can lead to long-term spinal deficits (Dasari et al., 2014). Increased oxidative stress (Fatima et al., 2015), redox transcription factors activity as well as elevated expression of inflammatory mediators play important roles (Popovich and Jones, 2003) in the promotion of the secondary process after the initial injury. SCI results in structural deformation such as degeneration of axons, disruption of neural tissue, neural and glial cell death, and demyelination around the lesion site.…”

Lycium Barbarum Polysaccharides Alleviates Oxidative Damage Induced by H2O2 Through Down-Regulating MicroRNA-194 in PC-12 and SH-SY5Y Cells

“…Therefore, the neurons in the CNS are vulnerable to oxidative damage due to the low antioxidant ability and limited scope for up-regulation when the oxidative stress is enhanced [6]. The above descriptions indicate that oxidative stress is a promising therapeutic target for SCI treatments [7].…”

Dynamic Thiol/Disulphide Homeostasis in Patients With Fibromyalgia

“…There are studies indicating an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants in patients with FMS. [7][8][9][10] The results are controversial. To the best of our knowledge, no report related to thiol/disulphide homeostasis in FMS has been published.…”