Oxidative Stress and Vanadium

Abstract

Air pollution is a worldwide health problem, and metals are one of the various air pollutants to which living creatures are exposed. The pollution by metals such as: lead, cadmium, manganese, and vanadium have a common mechanism of action: the production of oxidative stress in the cell. Oxidative stress favors the production of free radicals, which damage biomolecules such as: DNA, proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates; these free radicals produce changes that are observed in different organs and systems. Vanadium is a transition element delivered into the atmosphere by the combustion of fossil fuels as oxides and adhered to the PM enters into the respiratory system, then crosses the alveolar wall and enters into the systemic circulation. In this chapter, we will review the oxidative stress induced by vanadium-as a common mechanism of metal pollutants-; in addition, we will review the protective effect of the antioxidants (carnosine and ascorbate).

Anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory role of naringin against vanadium-induced neurotoxicity in adult Wistar rats

“…Vanadium is a heavy metal and is specially stored in certain organs, mainly in bone, kidney, and liver (Cortizo et al, 2000). Vanadium compounds have the ability to interchange into different species constantly within the cell in the presence of ROS, which makes it a powerful inducer of cell death (necrosis) (Rojas-Lemus et al, 2020). Neurotoxic metals such as vanadium cause blood brain barrier disruption, neuropathology and neuronal damage, which can trigger CNS alterations.…”

Environmental Hazards of Boron and Vanadium Nanoparticles in the Terrestrial Ecosystem—A Case Study with Enchytraeus crypticus

“…At 56 d, an enhancement in the organisms’ reproduction was seen for 10 mg VNPs/kg, a concentration that negatively affected the reproduction at 28 d. Thus, it seems that, increasing the exposure period, organisms exposed to 10 mg VNPs/kg were able to efficiently activate the antioxidant defense and/or repair mechanisms, allowing them to detoxify and hatch. For the highest concentrations, 100 and 500 mg VNPs/kg, the level of antioxidant protection and/or repair systems was not enough, since the reproduction decrease was detected at 28 and 56 d. The role of V in oxidative stress was recently reviewed [ 59 ].…”

Scientific substantiation of average annual maximum permissible level of vanadium pentoxide in ambient air as per permissible health risk

“…Считается, что в первую очередь пятиоксись ванадия оказывает действие на структуры дыхательной системы [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Однако по результатам проведения идентификации опасности в ряде исследований установлено влияние диванадия пентоксида и на другие органы и системы: например, органы зрения 7 [11][12][13][14][15], кожные покровы [11], иммунную систему в виде нарушений гуморального и клеточного компонента иммунитета [6,16,17]. По данным Федерального регистра потенциально опасных химических и биологических веществ неблагоприятные эффекты возможны также со стороны центральной нервной и сердечно-сосудистой системы, желудочно-кишечного тракта, печени, почек, надпочечников, селезенки, зубов, костной ткани, изменений в периферической крови, нарушений обмена веществ 8 .…”