Oxidative Stress in Dairy Cows: Insights into the Mechanistic Mode of Actions and Mitigating Strategies

Ayemele, Aurele Gnetegha; Tilahun, Mekonnen; Sun, Li; Elsaadawy, Samy A.; Guo, Zitai; Zhao, Gaojuan; Xu, Jianchu; Bu, Dengpan

doi:10.3390/antiox10121918

Cited by 43 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 135 publications

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“…Metallothionein (MTs) is a kind of protein with small molecular weight and metal‐regulating functions There are four metallothioneins subtypes (MT1, MT2, MT3 and MT4) (Si & Lang, 2018), which have pleiotropic effects on metal homoeostasis, metal detoxification (Babula et al, 2012), antioxidant stress and inflammation (Duerr et al, 2016). In mice, a concentrated diet up‐regulated the expressions of the MAPK pro‐inflammatory gene and NF‐κB, and decreased the expression of Nrf2, NQO1, MT1E and MT1A in mammary epithelial tissue (Ayemele et al, 2021), suggesting an inhibitory effect of MT1E on inflammatory response in mammary epithelial tissue. In addition, MT1E is highly methylated in melanoma cell lines, and DNA methylation inhibits cancer progression by silencing tumour‐suppressor genes, suggesting that MT1E is a potential tumour‐suppressor gene (Faller et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of differentially expressed microRNAs in bovine mammary epithelial cells treated with lipoteichoic acid

Shen

Yan

et al. 2022

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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Mastitis is one of the most common diseases of dairy cattle and can be caused by physical stress, chemicals and microbial infection. Staphylococcus aureus is the most common pathogens that induce mastitis in dairy cattle. In this study, bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) were treated either with lipoteichoic acid (LTA, 30 µg/ml) or 1 × phosphate‐buffer saline (PBS, control) and RNA‐Seq was applied to explore the effect of LTA on the expression microRNAs (miRNAs) in BMECs. Compared to the control group, 43 miRNAs were significantly up‐regulated and eight miRNAs were significantly down‐regulated. Additionally, 724 genes were significantly up‐regulated and 13 genes were significantly down‐regulated in LTA group relative to the control group. Bta‐miR‐196a, bta‐miR‐2285aj‐5p, bta‐miR‐143, bta‐miR‐2433, bta‐miR‐2284f and bta‐miR‐2368‐3p were selected from 51 differentially expressed miRNAs and are discussed in this manuscript. Target gene prediction revealed that the target genes of these six miRNAs were all differentially expressed, including MT1E, SPDYA, FGL1, TLR2, PAPOLG, ZDHHC17 and SMC4. Subsequently, the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed that the target genes with differentially expressed miRNAs were enriched in mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathway, rheumatoid arthritis and cancer. Therefore, the results of this study provided new evidences for the molecular mechanism of LTA‐induced mastitis, which may provide new targets for the diagnosis and treatment of mastitis in dairy cattle.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of differentially expressed microRNAs in bovine mammary epithelial cells treated with lipoteichoic acid

Shen

Yan

et al. 2022

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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“…Cattle (Bos taurus) are large domesticated bovines and the most widespread species of the genus Bos [125]. In dairy cows, oxidative stress has a negative impact on immune and reproductive functions: increased mastitis frequency and higher somatic cell counts in milk, decreased fertility, increased embryo mortality, post-partum retained placenta, and early calving.…”

Section: Cowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment on Oxidative Stress in Animals: From Experimental Models to Animal Production

Riva¹,

Trujillo²,

González‐Hernández³

2023

Importance of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant System in Health and Disease

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Oxygen is a key element involved in a variety of vital physiological reactions in aerobic organisms, including those produced in the electron transport chain, hydroxylation, and oxygenation. Reactive oxygen species and reactive oxygen nitrogen species (ROS/RONS) are naturally formed as by-products from these previously mentioned processes and reactions involving the O2 molecules. Under healthy conditions, the harmful effects of ROS/RONS in the organisms are controlled by antioxidants, molecules of enzymatic or non-enzymatic nature, able to prevent, retard, or eliminate oxidative damage. Nevertheless, when ROS/RONS production exceeds the antioxidant capacity of one organism, oxidative stress emerges, leading to the apparition of many diseases, some of which can depict significant losses in the field of animal production. Thereby, looking for increasing animal productivity, procedures to mitigate the effects of oxidative stress on living organisms are tested in laboratory animal models, and the obtained results are used to develop strategies that avoid oxidative stress in farm animals either invertebrates (mollusks and crustacean species) or vertebrates (fish, birds, and mammals). In this chapter, oxidative stress will be addressed from the field of animal health and welfare and its impact on animal production, presenting some strategies, studies conducted, and recent perspectives to mitigate the effects of oxidative stress and improve the productivity indicators in farm animals.

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“…ROS production is generally related to oxidative stress and oxidative metabolism. Oxidative stress in ruminants was reported to reduce animal performance, such as in lower growth performance and lower milk yield [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cysteamine Supplementation In Vitro Remarkably Promoted Rumen Fermentation Efficiency towards Propionate Production via Prevotella Enrichment and Enhancing Antioxidant Capacity

Wu¹,

Chen²,

Zhang³

et al. 2022

Antioxidants

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Cysteamine (CS) is a vital antioxidant product and nutritional regulator that improves the productive performance of animals. A 2 × 4 factorial in vitro experiment was performed to determine the effect of the CS supplementation levels of 0, 20, 40, and 60 mg/g, based on substrate weight, on the ruminal fermentation, antioxidant capacity, and microorganisms of a high-forage substrate (HF, forage:corn meal = 7:3) in the Statistical Analysis System Institute. After 48 h of incubation, the in vitro dry matter disappearance and gas production in the LF group were higher when compared with a low-forage substrate (LF, forge hay:corn meal = 3:7), which was analyzed via the use of the MIXED procedure of the HF group, and these increased linearly with the increasing CS supplementation (p < 0.01). With regard to rumen fermentation, the pH and acetate were lower in the LF group compared to the HF group (p < 0.01). However, the ammonia N, microbial crude protein, total volatile fatty acids (VFA), and propionate in the LF group were greater than those in the HF group (p < 0.05). With the CS supplementation increasing, the pH, ammonia N, acetate, and A:P decreased linearly, while the microbial crude protein, total VFA, and propionate increased linearly (p < 0.01). Greater antioxidant capacity was observed in the LF group, and the increasing CS supplementation linearly increased the superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, total antioxidant capacity, glutathione, and glutathione reductase, while it decreased the malondialdehyde (p < 0.05). No difference occurred in the ruminal bacteria alpha diversity with the increasing CS supplementation, but it was higher in the LF group than in the HF group (p < 0.01). Based on the rumen bacterial community, a higher proportion of Bacteroidota, instead of Firmicutes, was in the LF group than in the HF group. Furthermore, increasing the CS supplementation linearly increased the relative abundance of Prevotella, norank_f_F082, and Prevotellaceae_UCG-001 under the two substrates (p < 0.05). Prevotella, norank_f_F082, and Prevotellaceae_UCG-001 were positively correlated with gas production, rumen fermentation, and antioxidant capacity in a Spearman correlation analysis (r > 0.31, p < 0.05). Overall, a CS supplementation of not less than 20 mg/g based on substrate weight enhanced the rumen fermentation and rumen antioxidant capacity of the fermentation system, and it guided the rumen fermentation towards glucogenic propionate by enriching the Prevotella in Bacteroidetes.

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Oxidative Stress in Dairy Cows: Insights into the Mechanistic Mode of Actions and Mitigating Strategies

Cited by 43 publications

References 135 publications

Analysis of differentially expressed microRNAs in bovine mammary epithelial cells treated with lipoteichoic acid

Analysis of differentially expressed microRNAs in bovine mammary epithelial cells treated with lipoteichoic acid

Assessment on Oxidative Stress in Animals: From Experimental Models to Animal Production

Cysteamine Supplementation In Vitro Remarkably Promoted Rumen Fermentation Efficiency towards Propionate Production via Prevotella Enrichment and Enhancing Antioxidant Capacity

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