Oxidized cyclodextrin inclusion tea tree oil to prepare long‐lasting antibacterial collagen scaffold for enhanced wound healing

Abstract

Not only are the physicochemical properties and biocompatibility of biomaterials important considerations, but also their antibacterial properties. Fetal cowhide acellular dermal matrix (FADM), as a collagen scaffold with good biocompatibility and bioactivity, is difficult to be used to promote wound healing due to lack of sufficient mechanical strength and resistance to degradation. In order to solve this defect and give it long-lasting antibacterial properties, a novel chemically-cross-linked antibacterial fetal cowhide acellular dermal matrix scaffold (β-CD/TTO-FADM) was fabricated by simultaneous modification by oxidized cyclodextrin (OCD) and tea tree oil (TTO). The cross-linking of OCD improved the physical and chemical properties of FADM. TTO endowed it wide-spectrum antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Apart from this, the drug-carrying capacity of OCD could also

In Situ Cross-Linked Collagen-Based Biological Patch Integrating Anti-Infection and Anti-Calcification Properties

“…Good biocompatibility was the most essential property requirement for biological patches. The pADM is a scaffold material that promotes cell adhesion, growth, and proliferation, and its main component is type I collagen fibers. ,, CCK8 was used to assay the cytotoxicity of the pADM before and after cross-linking. Figure A showed the OD values of L929 fibroblasts after 1, 3, and 5 days of incubation in the extracts of each group of materials.…”

“…Acellular dermal matrix (ADM) is a commonly used collagen-based biological patch scaffold material with low immunogenicity and high bioactivity due to its specific three-dimensional network fiber architecture, which is very similar to natural extracellular matrix and can induce cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration and promote tissue regeneration. − Therefore, it is often used in clinical practice for soft tissue trauma repair, such as burn orthopedics, myocardial defects, , abdominal defect repair, , and hernia treatment . However, natural ADM needs to be cross-linked and modified to further improve its mechanical properties and stabilize its structure so that the material does not deform due to extrusion and stretching, which leads to improve its durability. − Moreover, calcification and infection problems during the use of the patch can have a negative impact on the treatment effect. Therefore, it is necessary to endow the patch with anti-calcification and anti-infection functions by an appropriate cross-linking method.…”

“…In order to prevent infection after the patch is implanted or when the biological patch is used in complex or contaminated abdominal wall defect repair and other application scenarios, , the biological patch should have certain antimicrobial properties. For improving the antimicrobial properties of biomaterials, researchers have taken several methods, such as depositing metal nanoparticles with antibacterial activity on the material, , adding natural plant essential oils, loading bacterial inhibitors, or loading photothermal conversion particles for photothermal therapy of antimicrobial activity. , However, the use of antibiotics can lead to the development of bacterial resistance and even superbugs . In addition, biocompatibility and antimicrobial activity are sometimes contradictory, such as that excessive use of silver and other metal nano antibacterial agents can adversely affect the biocompatibility of the material .…”

Preparation of tea tree oil nanoemulsion: Characterisation, antibacterial mechanism and evaluation of apoptosis

“…21 Although TTO has a natural origin, strong antibacterial ability and low microbial resistance, the use of EOs as antibacterial agents still has serious limitations such as low aqueous solubility, high volatility and instability. 22,23 Tea tree oil has been loaded into suitable delivery systems such as liposomes, 24 lipid nanoparticles, 25 cyclodextrin complexes 26 and microcapsules. 27 However, these delivery systems have high preparation costs and require complex processes.…”

“…Tea tree oil has been loaded into suitable delivery systems such as liposomes, 24 lipid nanoparticles, 25 cyclodextrin complexes 26 and microcapsules 27 . However, these delivery systems have high preparation costs and require complex processes.…”