Oxygen vector accelerates farnesylation and redox reaction to promote the biosynthesis of 4-acetylantroquinonol B and antroquinonol during submerged fermentation of Antrodia cinnamomea

Wei, Yuying; Chou, Kevin Chi-Chung; Yang, Shu-Chun; Chiang, Been‐Huang

doi:10.1016/j.fbp.2019.12.012

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The use of propellers or stirrers in fermenters or bioreactors includes a list of problems like higher involvement of energy, formation of unwanted foams, disturbance in the microbial growth, breakage of the exopolymers, and hampering of the culture viscosity but can promote EPS production to some extent (Xu et al, 2007 ; Liu et al, 2017a , b ). So, in order to avoid this problem, liquid alkanes are added as O 2 vectors that can enhance O 2 solubility (15-20 times higher), promptly make the O 2 mass transfer from the organic phase to aqueous phase – accelerating the O 2 availability (Wei et al, 2020 ). In this EPS production system, the increasing concentration of liquid alkane (n-hexane-4%) improved the O 2 absorption capacity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production, Optimization, Characterization and Drought Stress Resistance by β-Glucan-Rich Heteropolysaccharide From an Endophytic Fungi Colletotrichum alatae LCS1 Isolated From Clubmoss (Lycopodium clavatum)

Santra

Banerjee

2022

Front. Fungal Biol.

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Endophytic entities are ubiquitous in nature with all-square bioactivity ranging from therapeutic effects toward animals to growth promoting attributes and stress tolerance activities in case of green plants. In the present study, the club moss Lycopodium clavatum for the first time has been subjected for the isolation of endophytic fungi. An exopolysaccharide (EPS) extracted from Colletotrichum alatae LCS1, an endophytic fungi isolated from L. clavatum Linn., was characterized as a β-glucan heteropolymer (composed of mannose, rhamnose, arabinose, glucose, galactose, and fucose) which plays a pivotal role in obliterating the drought stress in rice seedlings (Oryza sativa) when applied at an amount of 20, 50, and 100 ppm. The fresh weight contents of rice tissue (39%), total chlorophyll (33%), proline (41%), soluble sugar content (26%) along with antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, peroxidase, and super-oxide dismutase increased (in comparison to control of non-EPS treated seedlings) while malondialdehyde content had reduced markedly after 30 days of regular treatment. The drought resistance of rice seedling was observed at peak when applied at 50 ppm dosage. Vital parameters for EPS production like fermentation duration (5 days), medium pH (6), nutrient (carbon (glucose-7 g%/l), nitrogen (yeast extract-0.4 g%/l), and mineral (NaCl-0.10 g%/l) sources, oxygen requirements (O2 vector or liquid alkane-n-hexane, n-heptane, n-hexadecane), and headspace volume (250 ml Erlenmeyer flask- 50 ml medium, 200 ml-headspace volume) were optimized to obtain an enhanced EPS yield of 17.38 g/L−59% higher than the preoptimized one. The present study, for the first time, reported the β-glucan rich heteropolysaccharide from Colletotrichum origin which is unique in structure and potent in its function of drought stress tolerance and could enhance the sustainable yield of rice cultivation in areas facing severe drought stress.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production, Optimization, Characterization and Drought Stress Resistance by β-Glucan-Rich Heteropolysaccharide From an Endophytic Fungi Colletotrichum alatae LCS1 Isolated From Clubmoss (Lycopodium clavatum)

Santra

Banerjee

2022

Front. Fungal Biol.

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“…These chemical reactions require several protons that are derived from NADH. When NADH is transformed into NAD+, this reaction releases two electrons, which can be accepted by electrophile substances, such as oxygen (Wei et al 2020 ). This reaction may be beneficial for the conversion of coenzyme Q 3 to AQ.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive transcriptomic and proteomic analyses of antroquinonol biosynthetic genes and enzymes in Antrodia camphorata

et al. 2020

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Antroquinonol (AQ) has several remarkable bioactivities in acute myeloid leukaemia and pancreatic cancer, but difficulties in the mass production of AQ hamper its applications. Currently, molecular biotechnology methods, such as gene overexpression, have been widely used to increase the production of metabolites. However, AQ biosynthetic genes and enzymes are poorly understood. In this study, an integrated study coupling RNA-Seq and isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) were used to identify AQ synthesis-related genes and enzymes in Antrodia camphorata during coenzyme Q 0-induced fermentation (FM). The upregulated genes related to acetyl-CoA synthesis indicated that acetyl-CoA enters the mevalonate pathway to form the farnesyl tail precursor of AQ. The metE gene for an enzyme with methyl transfer activity provided sufficient methyl groups for AQ structure formation. The CoQ2 and ubiA genes encode p-hydroxybenzoate polyprenyl transferase, linking coenzyme Q 0 and the polyisoprene side chain to form coenzyme Q 3. NADH is transformed into NAD+ and releases two electrons, which may be beneficial for the conversion of coenzyme Q 3 to AQ. Understanding the biosynthetic genes and enzymes of AQ is important for improving its production by genetic means in the future.

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“…A recent report showed that n-hexadecane (5%) increased the dissolved oxygen during submerged fermentation of Antrodia cinnamomea [16]. E-Poly-lysine synthesis was enhanced by carbon metabolism and energy metabolism with 0.5% n-dodecane in broth [14].…”

Section: Selection Of Oxygen-vectormentioning

confidence: 96%

“…It is found that oxygen-vectors can carry oxygen from the gas phase to the liquid phase, providing more dissolved oxygen and higher oxygen solubility than the water phase, especially in aerobic fermentation system [15]. The yield of 4-acetylantroquinonol B and antroquinonol increased by 15.8fold and 61.6-fold, respectively, when 5% n-hexadecane was added to the medium, the dissolved oxygen was 56.1% after 28 days of fermentation, which was about 2.2-fold of the control group [16]. When the concentration of n-hexane was 3.48%, the amount of pyocyanin increased twofold [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Enhancement of l-amino acid oxidase production by Bacillus subtilis HLZ-68 with oxygen-vector and asymmetric degradation of dl-arginine to d-arginine

Pan²,

Cui

et al. 2020

Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment

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Bacillus subtilis HLZ-68 can produce L-amino acid oxidase (L-AAO), and DL-arginine can be degraded asymmetrically by suspending the wet bacterial biomass in the degradation liquid. By adding oxygen-vectors to the fermentation medium, the collected amount of wet bacterial biomass can be increased. Taking n-dodecane, n-hexadecane, oleic acid, paraffin and n-hexane as oxygen-vectors, the optimal oxygen-vector was 1.2% (v/v) oleic acid. The wet weight biomass increased by 66.83% and the activity of L-AAO in the fermentation broth increased by 38.88% compared with those before the addition of oxygen-vector. The standard sample DL-arginine was derivatized by phenyl isothiocyanate, and then subjected to high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the obtained peak area and arginine content were used as standard curves to measure the DL-arginine. The content of D-arginine and L-arginine in the initial degradation solution was 50% each, and the bacterial cells were added to the initial degradation solution of DL-arginine. After 21 h of reaction, L-arginine was completely degraded, leaving 47% of Darginine. D-alanine was easily extracted from the reaction solution using cation-exchange resin, after centrifugation, decolourization, concentration and vacuum drying, and the chemical and optical purity of the extracted D-arginine were 92.68% and 97.46%, respectively.

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Oxygen vector accelerates farnesylation and redox reaction to promote the biosynthesis of 4-acetylantroquinonol B and antroquinonol during submerged fermentation of Antrodia cinnamomea

Cited by 9 publications

References 30 publications

Production, Optimization, Characterization and Drought Stress Resistance by β-Glucan-Rich Heteropolysaccharide From an Endophytic Fungi Colletotrichum alatae LCS1 Isolated From Clubmoss (Lycopodium clavatum)

Production, Optimization, Characterization and Drought Stress Resistance by β-Glucan-Rich Heteropolysaccharide From an Endophytic Fungi Colletotrichum alatae LCS1 Isolated From Clubmoss (Lycopodium clavatum)

Comprehensive transcriptomic and proteomic analyses of antroquinonol biosynthetic genes and enzymes in Antrodia camphorata

Enhancement of l-amino acid oxidase production by Bacillus subtilis HLZ-68 with oxygen-vector and asymmetric degradation of dl-arginine to d-arginine

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