Oxytocin and milk ejection

Nickerson, Kenneth; Bonsnes, Roy W.; Douglas, R. Gordon; Condliffe, Peter G.; Vigneaud, Vincent du

doi:10.1016/0002-9378(54)90261-6

Cited by 43 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The synthesis of oxytocin and vasopressin in 1954 is considered the breakthrough that finally led to the Nobel Prize in 1955. 9 He went beyond the synthesis of these hormones and was involved in the first clinical trials and translational applications, such as the use of oxytocin to stimulate milk ejection 7 or the use of vasopressin as a hemostatic in surgery. 3 His research efforts both expanded the available medical treatment options for posterior pituitary disease and paved the way for clinical trials using hormone therapy.…”

Section: Nobel Prize and Legacymentioning

confidence: 99%

Vincent du Vigneaud: following the sulfur trail to the discovery of the hormones of the posterior pituitary gland at Cornell Medical College

Ottenhausen¹,

Bodhinayake²,

Banu³

et al. 2016

JNS

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In 1955, Vincent du Vigneaud (1901–1978), the chairman of the Department of Biochemistry at Cornell University Medical College, was awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry for his research on insulin and for the first synthesis of the posterior pituitary hormones—oxytocin and vasopressin. His tremendous contribution to organic chemistry, which began as an interest in sulfur-containing compounds, paved the way for a better understanding of the pituitary gland and for the development of diagnostic and therapeutic tools for diseases of the pituitary. His seminal research continues to impact neurologists, endocrinologists, and neurosurgeons, and enables them to treat patients who had no alternatives prior to du Vigneaud’s breakthroughs in peptide structure and synthesis. The ability of neurosurgeons to aggressively operate on parasellar pathology was directly impacted and related to the ability to replace these hormones after surgery. The authors review the life and career of Vincent du Vigneaud, his groundbreaking discoveries, and his legacy of the understanding and treatment of the pituitary gland in health and disease.

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Section: Nobel Prize and Legacymentioning

confidence: 99%

Vincent du Vigneaud: following the sulfur trail to the discovery of the hormones of the posterior pituitary gland at Cornell Medical College

Ottenhausen¹,

Bodhinayake²,

Banu³

et al. 2016

JNS

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“…In concluding this section mention must be made of the successful synthesis of oxytocin by du Vigneaud and his collaborators (du Vigneaud, Ressler, Swan, Roberts, Katsoyannis & Gordon, 1953; Nickerson, Bonsnes, Douglas, Condliffe and du Vigneaud, 1954;du Vigneaud 1956) who have also assayed its milk-ejecting activity. A further synthesis of oxytocin has since been announced by Boissonas, Guttman, Jaquenoud and Waller (1955), the potency of which has been tested by Bainbridge, Nixon, Schild & Smyth (1956) and by Francis & Francis (1956 …”

Section: Hormones Of the Neurohypophysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section A. Physiology of dairy cattle: Hormones in reproduction and lactation

Benson

Cowie

1957

Journal of Dairy Research

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“…PRL promotes milk synthesis (Koprowski and Tucker, 1973), and its release from the anterior pituitary is regulated by tonic dopamine inhibition [reviewed in Ben-Jonathan and Hnasko (2001)]. OT is released from the posterior pituitary to control milk let-down (Nickerson et al, 1954). Although lactation is limited to females, PRL and OT also function as neuromodulators in both males and females.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prosocial effects of prolactin in male rats: Social recognition, social approach and social learning

Donhoffner

Saleh

Schink

et al. 2017

Hormones and Behavior

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Prolactin (PRL) and oxytocin (OT) are pituitary hormones essential for lactation, but also promote sexual behavior. OT stimulates social behaviors, such as recognition, approach, and learning, but less is known about PRL in these behaviors. Since PRL and OT have complementary functions in reproduction, we hypothesized that PRL increases social recognition, approach, and learning. Male Long-Evans rats received ovine PRL (oPRL; 0.5, 2.0 or 5.0 mg/kg), the PRL antagonist bromocriptine (0.1, 3.0 or 5.0 mg/kg) or saline 20 mins before testing for recognition of familiar vs. unfamiliar stimulus males. Saline controls preferred the unfamiliar male (p<0.05), while bromocriptine blocked this preference. oPRL did not increase preference. To measure social approach, we determined if PRL restores approach 2 hours after defeat by an aggressive male. Defeated rats avoided the aggressive male. 2 mg/kg oPRL, before or after defeat, restored approach towards the aggressive male (p<0.05). In non-defeated rats, oPRL or 3 mg/kg bromocriptine had no effect. To determine if PRL increases social learning, we tested social transmission of food preference. Rats choose between two unfamiliar flavors, one of which they have previously been exposed to through interaction with a demonstrator rat. Vehicle controls preferred chow with the demonstrated flavor over the novel flavor. oPRL-treated rats were similar. Bromocriptine-treated rats failed to show a preference. When tested one week later, only oPRL-treated rats preferred the demonstrated flavor. The results suggest that PRL is required for social recognition and learning, and that increasing PRL enhances social memory and approach, similar to OT.

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Oxytocin and milk ejection

Cited by 43 publications

References 19 publications

Vincent du Vigneaud: following the sulfur trail to the discovery of the hormones of the posterior pituitary gland at Cornell Medical College

Vincent du Vigneaud: following the sulfur trail to the discovery of the hormones of the posterior pituitary gland at Cornell Medical College

Section A. Physiology of dairy cattle: Hormones in reproduction and lactation

Prosocial effects of prolactin in male rats: Social recognition, social approach and social learning

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