Oxytocin precursor gene expression in bovine skeletal muscle is regulated by 17β-oestradiol and dexamethasone

Divari, Sara; Pregel, Paola; Cannizzo, Francesca Tiziana; Cucuzza, L. Starvaggi; Brina, N.; Biolatti, B.

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.07.029

Cited by 15 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In recent years, for example, PR gene expression in the bulbo-urethral glands and prostate has been used as a biomarker for the illicit estrogen treatment of veal calves and beef cattle [53], [57]–[58]. Similarly, the variation of oxytocin gene expression in beef cattle muscle is indicative of estrogen and glucocorticoids illegal treatment [87].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The development of novel methods [52]–[56] to facilitate the indirect detection of the illegal administration of sex steroid hormones and other growth promoters would enhance the efficiency and success rate of food screening and safety programmes established by state authorities. Particularly, the transcriptomic approach could facilitate the identification of biomarkers suitable for the detection of illegally treated animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regucalcin Expression in Bovine Tissues and Its Regulation by Sex Steroid Hormones in Accessory Sex Glands

et al. 2014

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Regucalcin (RGN) is a mammalian Ca2+-binding protein that plays an important role in intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis. Recently, RGN has been identified as a target gene for sex steroid hormones in the prostate glands and testis of rats and humans, but no studies have focused on RGN expression in bovine tissues. Thus, in the present study, we examined RGN mRNA and protein expression in the different tissues and organs of veal calves and beef cattle. Moreover, we investigated whether RGN expression is controlled through sex steroid hormones in bovine target tissues, namely the bulbo-urethral and prostate glands and the testis. Sex steroid hormones are still illegally used in bovine husbandry to increase muscle mass. The screening of the regulation and function of anabolic sex steroids via modified gene expression levels in various tissues represents a new approach for the detection of illicit drug treatments. Herein, we used quantitative PCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry analyses to demonstrate RGN mRNA and protein expression in bovine tissues. In addition, estrogen administration down-regulated RGN gene expression in the accessory sex glands of veal calves and beef cattle, while androgen treatment reduced RGN gene expression only in the testis. The confirmation of the regulation of RGN gene expression through sex steroid hormones might facilitate the potential detection of hormone abuse in bovine husbandry. Particularly, the specific response in the testis suggests that this tissue is ideal for the detection of illicit androgen administration in veal calves and beef cattle.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regucalcin Expression in Bovine Tissues and Its Regulation by Sex Steroid Hormones in Accessory Sex Glands

et al. 2014

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“…Samples of testis, skeletal muscle and PBMCs were treated with TRIzol Reagent (Ambion®, Thermo Fisher Scientific) and, in order to remove DNA contamination, the extracted RNA was subjected to DNAse digestion with the QIAGEN RNase-Free DNase Set (Qiagen, Germany 17 .…”

Section: Rna Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological Examination and Transcriptomic Profiling To Identify Prednisolone Treatment in Beef Cattle

Cannizzo

Pegolo

Pregel

et al. 2016

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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in skeletal muscle and testis sampled at slaughtering. In the epididymis, spermatozoa number decreased in PDN treated animals, and in some cases they were totally absent. Correspondently, in testis of treated animals, down-regulation for serine/threonine kinase 11 (STK11) gene expression was detected (p<0.01). DNA microarray analysis revealed a total of 133 differentially expressed genes in skeletal muscle and testis, and 907 and 1,416 in PBMCs after 33 days of treatment and at slaughtering, respectively. Histological investigations on epididymal content could represent a promising marker for PDN treatment in beef cattle, and could be used as a screening method in order to identify animals worthy of further investigation with official methods. Moreover, the clear transcriptomic signature of PDN treatment evidenced in PBMCs supported for the possibility of using this matrix to monitor the illicit treatment in vivo during ranching.

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“…Previous studies described the effect of 17 β -estradiol (E2) on the gene expression levels in skeletal muscle of veal calves. In particular, De Jager et al (2011) and Divari et al (2013) demonstrated a strong increase in the expression of the oxytocin ( Oxt ) precursor and oxytocin receptor ( Oxtr ) genes in the skeletal muscle of E2-treated veal calves and an intense raise of the plasmatic concentration of circulating oxytocin peptide (OXT). The high serum OXT concentration was likely due to the estrogen influence on OXT production within the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus and/or its release from the posterior pituitary into the blood stream (Chung, McCabe & Pfaff, 1991; Nomura et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The high serum OXT concentration was likely due to the estrogen influence on OXT production within the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus and/or its release from the posterior pituitary into the blood stream (Chung, McCabe & Pfaff, 1991; Nomura et al, 2002). Moreover, Oxt precursor gene is increased in bovine skeletal muscle in the late stages of foetal development (De Jager et al, 2011), suggesting that OXT could have a role in muscle growth during both foetal and postnatal development in animals (De Jager et al, 2011; Divari et al, 2013) and that E2 can have a regulatory effect on OXT production in skeletal muscle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

17β-estradiol upregulates oxytocin and the oxytocin receptor in C2C12 myotubes

Berio

Divari

Cucuzza

et al. 2017

PeerJ

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BackgroundThe endocrinology of skeletal muscle is highly complex and many issues about hormone action in skeletal muscle are still unresolved. Aim of the work is to improve our knowledge on the relationship between skeletal muscle and 17β-estradiol.MethodsThe skeletal muscle cell line C2C12 was treated with 17β-estradiol, the oxytocin peptide and a combination of the two hormones. The mRNA levels of myogenic regulatory factors, myosin heavy chain, oxytocin, oxytocin receptor and adipogenic factors were analysed in C2C12 myotubes.ResultsIt was demonstrated that C2C12 myoblasts and myotubes express oxytocin and its receptor, in particular the receptor levels physiologically increase in differentiated myotubes. Myotubes treated with 17β-estradiol overexpressed oxytocin and oxytocin receptor genes by approximately 3- and 29-fold, respectively. A decrease in the expression of fatty acid binding protein 4 (0.62-fold), a fat metabolism-associated gene, was observed in oxytocin-treated myotubes. On the contrary, fatty acid binding protein 4 was upregulated (2.66-fold) after the administration of the combination of 17β-estradiol and oxytocin. 17β-estradiol regulates oxytocin and its receptor in skeletal muscle cells and they act in a synergic way on fatty acid metabolism.DiscussionOxytocin and its receptor are physiologically regulated along differentiation. 17β-estradiol regulates oxytocin and its receptor in skeletal muscle cells. 17β-estradiol and oxytocin act in a synergic way on fatty acid metabolism. A better understanding of the regulation of skeletal muscle homeostasis by estrogens and oxytocin peptide could contribute to increase our knowledge of muscle and its metabolism.

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Oxytocin precursor gene expression in bovine skeletal muscle is regulated by 17β-oestradiol and dexamethasone

Cited by 15 publications

References 40 publications

Regucalcin Expression in Bovine Tissues and Its Regulation by Sex Steroid Hormones in Accessory Sex Glands

Regucalcin Expression in Bovine Tissues and Its Regulation by Sex Steroid Hormones in Accessory Sex Glands

Morphological Examination and Transcriptomic Profiling To Identify Prednisolone Treatment in Beef Cattle

17β-estradiol upregulates oxytocin and the oxytocin receptor in C2C12 myotubes

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