Ozone Heating and Radiative Equilibrium in the Lower Stratosphere

Hering, Wayne S.; Touart, C. N.; Borden, Thomas R.

doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1967)024<0402:oharei>2.0.co;2

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…This value of a is close to the result of Hering et al (1967) and was assumed independent of height. The vertical profiles of T, and re were found at every 5' of latitude from the Equator to the Pole with account being taken of the sphericity of the atmosphere.…”

Section: Radiative-photochemical Equilibriumsupporting

confidence: 80%

A Quasi-Geostrophic Model of the Winter Stratospheric Circulation

Clark

1970

Mon. Wea. Rev.

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A six-level quasi-geostrophic model including radiative and photochemical processes in the manner suggested by Lindaen and Goody is run from a state of joint radiative-photochemical equilibrium for midwinter conditions. The spectral method is used to integrate the equations where all dependent variables are represented by a set of spherical harmonics with east-west wave numbers 0, 1, 2, 3, and 6 included. The winter storage of ozone in the polar lower stratosphere is simulated, and the importance of horlzontal planetary scale transports and the vertical eddy diffusion of ozone is demonstrated. The rapid dissipation of upper stratospheric temperature disturbances by joint radiative-photochemical relaxation is discussed, and the importance of tropospheric forcing and nonlinear exchanges of kinetic energy between the planetary scale waves is demonstrated. The energetics of downward-propagating spontaneous warmings is discussed. A full-scale warming is triggered by strengthening the north-south lower tropospheric temperature gradient. Its main energy source is found to be a greatly increased forcing of the stratosphere from below. MONTHLY WEATHER REV1 EW Vol. 98, No. 6 (1967), based on reaction coefficients closer to the old ones used by Craig (1950), were somewhat better especially with respect to the polar amount of ozone; although the fairly arbitrary tropospheric forcing of the stratosphere used could have strongly affected the outcome.

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Section: Radiative-photochemical Equilibriumsupporting

confidence: 80%

A Quasi-Geostrophic Model of the Winter Stratospheric Circulation

Clark

1970

Mon. Wea. Rev.

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“…Some scientists even believe the change of total ozone determines the variation of atmosphere temperature (Kong et al, 1996;Ge et al, 1997;Zhu and Guo, 2000;Guo et al, 2001;Zou and Chen, 2007;Li et al, 2009;Zheng et al, 2010). As we mentioned previously, 90% of total ozone in the atmosphere concentrated in the stratosphere, variation of total ozone is critical to the climate of stratosphere, especially the temperature structure (Hering et al, 1967;Wang et al, 2008). Hu et al (2008) showed an increasing trend of column ozone and temperature of lower stratosphere within the last decade.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Characteristics of Boreal Winter Total Ozone Distribution in the Northern Hemisphere and Their Relationship with Stratospheric Temperature During Recent 30 Years

et al. 2015

Chinese J of Geophysics

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The characteristics of spatiotemporal distribution of total ozone have a significant impact on the variabilities of climate and environment. As the increase of the high quality and quantity of total ozone datasets, it is necessary to provide a detailed investigation of spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of total ozone and its relationship with climate variability. Based on the ECMWF global monthly mean total ozone and stratopheric temperature data from 1979 to 2013, the spatiotemporal structure of dominant total ozone pattern in the Northern Hemisphere (north of 20 • N) during boreal winter is studied using the rotated empirical orthogonal function (REOF) analysis and Morlet wavelet analysis. Besides, the relationship of the dominant total ozone pattern with the temperature anomalies in the upper (2 hPa), middle (30 hPa) and lower (100 hPa) stratosphere is further studied using composite analysis. The results show that the variability of total ozone in the Northern Hemisphere during boreal winter is characterized by five significant dominant patterns during the recent 30 years, which are located in the Arctic region (75 • N-90 • N, 0 • -360 • ), the subtropics of Northern Hemisphere (20 • N-40 • N, 0 • -360 • ), the Alaska region (60 • N-75 • N, 180 • E-260 • E), the North Atlantic region (45 • N-60 • N, 310 • E-360 • E) and the Siberia region (50 • N-65 • N, 80 • E-130 • E). The five dominant patterns show significant variabilities on the interannual and interdecadal time scales.The total ozone over these five regions changes from more than normal to less than normal since the late 1980. On the interannual time scale, total ozone over the five regions shows pronounced periodicity. In addition, their periodicities show significant difference. The relationship between the dominant total ozone patterns and the stratospheric temperature indicates that, when the total ozone is increased (reduced), the upper stratosphere will be cooled (warmed), while the middle and lower stratosphere will be warmed (cooled). Furthermore, the middle stratosphere is warmer (cooler) than the lower stratosphere.

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“…Large-scale cloud systems were also included to be used in the solution of the radiative transfer associated with the 9.6-micron band ozone absorption. Hering et al (1967) found a very strong correlation coefficient between solar heating rates (computed using the lengthy transfer equations) and a combination of solar zenith angle and sunlight duration. The proposed linear relation is the following:…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simplified Method of Computing Stratospheric Heating Rates and Associated Generation of Available Potential Energy

Paulin¹

1969

Mon. Wea. Rev.

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A method of computing the stratospheric heating rates from available daily data of the Northern Hemisphere is given. It consists of a hybrid approach using both the simple parametric equations in the solar ultraviolet absorption and the radiative transfer equations in the long-wave spectrum (15-micron carbon dioxide and 9.6-micron ozone absorptions). This method has been applied in the stratosphere for the period Jan. 12 to 16, 1959, in order to compute the generation of available potential energy. The results indicate that the method, as well as being suitable for energy budget studies over longer periods of time, is sufficiently accurate to enable one to describe synoptically some of the aspects of the radiative exchange between troposphere and stratosphere. 359 360 MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW Vol. 97, No. 5 near the Equator and lower concentration in the Arctic a t these levels (Hering et al., 1967).

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Ozone Heating and Radiative Equilibrium in the Lower Stratosphere

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

A Quasi-Geostrophic Model of the Winter Stratospheric Circulation

A Quasi-Geostrophic Model of the Winter Stratospheric Circulation

Characteristics of Boreal Winter Total Ozone Distribution in the Northern Hemisphere and Their Relationship with Stratospheric Temperature During Recent 30 Years

A Simplified Method of Computing Stratospheric Heating Rates and Associated Generation of Available Potential Energy

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