“…The prevalence of H pylori infection in the greater metropolitan city of our country is decreasing and so are the figures for gastrointestinal infection. A retrospective study in Sa ˜o Paulo (26) with 1165 symptomatic children who underwent upper digestive showed decreasing prevalence of 25%, 19.3%, and 14.3% between 1993 and 1996, 1997 and 1999, and 2000 and 2004, respectively, in children up to 6 years old. Nevertheless, studies performed in poor socioeconomic areas of our country demonstrated high prevalence similar to that in developing countries (27)(28)(29)(30).…”