P2-type Na2/3Ni1/3Mn2/3−xTixO2 as a new positive electrode for higher energy Na-ion batteries

Yoshida, Hiroaki; Yabuuchi, Naoaki; Kubota, Kei; Ikeuchi, Issei; Garsuch, Arnd; Schulz‐Dobrick, Martin; Komaba, Shinichi

doi:10.1039/c3cc49856e

Cited by 357 publications

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“…[1][2][3][4][5] In the past several years, various intercalation materials for the Na-ion batteries have been extensively investigated. [6][7][8][9][10] Especially, electrode performance of layered sodium transition metal oxides, which was originally studied as positive electrode materials for Na batteries in 1980s, have been significantly improved by the latest battery technology developed in the Li-ion battery system during the past three decades. [11][12][13][14] Their electrochemical properties in the Na cells have been clarified in detail and it was found that some layered materials can deliver large reversible capacity with good redox reversibility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, only limited layered materials showed high operating voltage so far. 10 Increase of operating voltage is an important strategy to increase the energy density of Na-ion batteries. In contrast to layered oxides, cobalt or vanadium phosphates and fluorophosphates containing sufficient sodium, such as Na 4 resulting in impurity phase of metallic cobalt and they did not report the electrode performance of the carbon-composite material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Na2CoPO4F as a High-voltage Electrode Material for Na-ion Batteries

et al. 2014

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A sodium-containing layered cobalt fluorophosphate, Na 2 CoPO 4 F, is prepared by a solid-state method. Electrode performance of the Na 2 CoPO 4 F is first examined as a positive electrode material for non-aqueous Na batteries. The carbon-modified Na 2 CoPO 4 F delivers 100 mAh g −1 of initial discharge capacity with a nearly flat voltage plateau at approximately 4.3 V vs. Na metal. The estimated energy density as a positive electrode material reaches 407 Wh kg −1 based on metallic sodium. Na 2 CoPO 4 F exhibits the highest operating voltage in a series of Na 2 MePO 4 F (Me = Fe, Co, and Mn).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Na2CoPO4F as a High-voltage Electrode Material for Na-ion Batteries

et al. 2014

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“…20 In our previous study, we showed that P2-Na 22 In titanate based materials, low voltage sodium insertion has also been achieved using Ti 4+/3+ redox couple making them attractive as anode materials. 14,21,23 Formation of multiple phases is undesirable in intercalation materials as phase boundaries could potentially hinder ion transport compared to a single phase solid solution material.…”

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confidence: 99%

Study of Transport Properties and Interfacial Kinetics of Na_2/3[Ni_1/3Mn_xTi_2/3-x]O₂(x = 0,1/3) as Electrodes for Na-Ion Batteries

Shanmugam

Lai

2014

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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(NMT) layered oxide materials, using three techniques: DC conductivity measurement, potentiostatic intermittent titration technique, and impedance spectroscopy. The measured electronic conductivity (NT: 3.96 × 10 −8 S/cm, NMT: 1.21 × 10 −7 S/cm at 110 • C) was orders of magnitude lower than the ionic conductivity (NT: 4.89 × 10 −3 S/cm, NMT: 8.28 × 10 −3 S/cm at 110 • C) in both materials. Manganese addition improved the charge carrier transport properties by a factor of 2-3. The potential-dependent diffusion coefficients of both materials were in the order of 10 −14 -10 −12 cm 2 /s. The charge transfer resistance was also found to have a strong potential dependency and the interfacial kinetics of NMT were considerably faster than NT. Due to its faster ionic/electronic transport in the pristine/intercalated states and faster interfacial kinetics, NMT was found to exhibit better rate performance than NT. Further performance improvements need to focus on boasting the intrinsic electronic conductivity of these materials. High-performance electrochemical energy storage devices are required for increasing the adoption of intermittent renewable energy supplies, stabilizing the existing electricity grid and enabling smart grid systems, designing portable electronics devices that can last longer, and building extended-range electric/hybrid automobiles. Lithium ion batteries, with their high energy density and cycle life, have been the workhorse for electronic devices. However, they may not be suitable for large-scale applications, such as stationary energy storage, in the light of ongoing debate about geographically constrained resources.1 This has driven researchers into exploring new technologies and Na-ion battery is considered as an attractive alternative chemistry.2-8 Besides being based on earth-abundant resources, this intercalation chemistry can achieve relatively high cell voltage (due to the high electropositive character of sodium) which is essential to realize high energy density.The large size of sodium ions results in the formation of layered oxide materials, i.e. Na x MO 2 , with prismatic sites (P-type) in addition to the octahedral sites (O-type) that are typically seen in Li x MO 2 materials, depending on the overall sodium content/stoichiometry ('x'). Prismatic sites are particularly favorable in sodium deficient compounds. exhibits a solid solution domain when cycled below 4.1 V with stable capacity values of 82 mAh/g at C/5 rate. However, at higher voltages ('x'<1/3), it has a drastic fade mechanism which is linked to the P2-O2 phase transition caused by the gliding of the transition metal layers.13,19 P2-Na x [Fe 1/2 Mn 1/2 ]O 2 utilizes Fe 3+/4+ redox couple and operates between 'x' = 0.67 (pristine) and 'x' = 0.14 (4.2 V) to achieve high capacity value of 190 mAh/g. 10 The P2 phase is stable till 'x' = 0.4 (3.8 V) and an OP4 intergrowth phase (contains both prismatic and octahedral sites in alternating layers) forms for 'x'<0.4. The interlayer prismatic sites in the OP4 phase acts as a buffer zon...

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“…Sodium intercalation/deintercalation operates on the Ni 2+ /Ni 4+ redox couple. 7 Using this strategy, the formation of the Ni 3+ Jahn-Teller ion can be avoided in the synthesized pristine materials. Maximization of the active Ni 2+ ion content of cathode materials is a strategy that may lead to higher energy density.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…This O3-P3-O1 transition agrees well with past observations of Na 3 Ni 2 SbO 6 during charge. 7 It should be noted that even at the end of charging to 3.8 V, there is still significant amount of the pristine O3 phase remaining in the structure. Such phenomenon is indicative of the slow kinetics.…”

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Honeycomb Compound Na₃Ni₂BiO₆as Positive Electrode Material in Na Cells

Zheng

Obrovac

2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Honeycomb compound Na 3 Ni 2 BiO 6 was synthesized and studied as positive electrode material in sodium cells for the first time. This material exhibits a reversible capacity of ∼80 mAh/g and an average voltage of ∼3.1 V, corresponding to the reversible removal of half of the sodium from the structure. The sodiation/desodiation mechanism was studied by in situ X-ray diffraction and involves multiple phase transitions. It was observed that the phase transitions are different for the first charge/discharge processes, possibly due to kinetic hindrance. The multiple phase transitions may lead to sluggish kinetics that are responsible for the poor rate capability. © The Author ( Sodium ion batteries have attracted much attention in the past few years for their potential application in large scale grid storage.1 Compared to lithium, sodium is more abundant and uniformly distributed on earth. The basic chemistry of sodium ion batteries is similar to that of lithium ion batteries, excepting that the active ion is sodium. The battery performance depends on the combined effects of the positive electrode, negative electrode, and electrolyte. Positive electrode material development is of importance to the commercialization of sodium ion batteries. Among many candidates for positive electrode materials, most research has been focused on layered sodium transition metal oxides.2 These materials generally show good electrochemical performance and structural stability.2 Nickel-based materials have been extensively studied as they offer high voltage and high capacity. [3][4][5]

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P2-type Na_2/3Ni_1/3Mn_2/3−xTi_xO₂ as a new positive electrode for higher energy Na-ion batteries

Cited by 357 publications

References 20 publications

Na2CoPO4F as a High-voltage Electrode Material for Na-ion Batteries

Na2CoPO4F as a High-voltage Electrode Material for Na-ion Batteries

Study of Transport Properties and Interfacial Kinetics of Na_2/3[Ni_1/3Mn_xTi_2/3-x]O₂(x = 0,1/3) as Electrodes for Na-Ion Batteries

Honeycomb Compound Na₃Ni₂BiO₆as Positive Electrode Material in Na Cells

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P2-type Na2/3Ni1/3Mn2/3−xTixO2 as a new positive electrode for higher energy Na-ion batteries

Cited by 357 publications

References 20 publications

Na2CoPO4F as a High-voltage Electrode Material for Na-ion Batteries

Na2CoPO4F as a High-voltage Electrode Material for Na-ion Batteries

Study of Transport Properties and Interfacial Kinetics of Na2/3[Ni1/3MnxTi2/3-x]O2(x = 0,1/3) as Electrodes for Na-Ion Batteries

Honeycomb Compound Na3Ni2BiO6as Positive Electrode Material in Na Cells

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P2-type Na_2/3Ni_1/3Mn_2/3−xTi_xO₂ as a new positive electrode for higher energy Na-ion batteries

Study of Transport Properties and Interfacial Kinetics of Na_2/3[Ni_1/3Mn_xTi_2/3-x]O₂(x = 0,1/3) as Electrodes for Na-Ion Batteries

Honeycomb Compound Na₃Ni₂BiO₆as Positive Electrode Material in Na Cells