Pacientes vivendo com HIV/AIDS e coinfecção tuberculose: dificuldades associadas à adesão ou ao abandono do tratamento

Abstract

Pesquisa realizada em Fortaleza-CE, entre março e abril de 2011, com o objetivo de identificar as dificuldades que influenciam a adesão ou o abandono do tratamento de tuberculose em pacientes com Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida. Estudo qualitativo, com informações coletadas por meio de entrevista semiestruturada aplicada a pacientes com Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida e coinfecção tuberculose. Utilizamos o discurso do sujeito coletivo para a análise dos resultados. Os pacientes relataram dificuldades relacionadas aos aspectos socioeconômicos, ao estilo de vida e ao uso da medicação. O uso de álcool e o consumo de drogas ilícitas surgiram como fatores que levam a episódios de interrupção do processo terapêutico da doença. Concluímos que as barreiras relacionadas aos aspectos sociais, econômicos e ao estilo de vida são mais difíceis de serem enfrentadas para uma adesão continuada ao tratamento, tornando necessário o papel desempenhado pelos profissionais da saúde, apoiado por políticas públicas e sociais mais resolutivas.

Adherence to tuberculosis treatment in Primary Health Care: perception of patients and professionals in a large municipality

“…20 This study showed that most of the patients interviewed did not use tobacco and alcohol, which is an important factor to adherence to treatment, as also found in a study carried out in Fortaleza, in the state of Ceará. 21 The health centers in the municipality of Campinas have groups to assist different types of conditions, but there is no group for TB patients although they and the professionals have reported offering/receiving this action, respectively.…”

Fatores associados à não adesão aos antirretrovirais em adultos com AIDS nos seis primeiros meses da terapia em Salvador, Bahia, Brasil

“…The existing scenario contrasts with the one proposed by the Ministry of Health, of easy access to diagnosis, care and HIV/AIDS treatment, and this deserves to be further investigated. Patients with TCD4+ cell count < 200 cells/mm 3 and asymptomatic tend not to adhere to HAART 16,35,40,41 .…”

“…The social status may help explain the difficulties patients have to understand the importance of adherence. Social and economic factors, such as lack of resources and difficulties in commuting also limit access to health facilities, hampering the provision of health care and contributing to non-adherence 40 .…”

“…As mentioned by Sousa Filho et al 40 , the use of illicit drugs has a negative influence on the decision by the individual about the treatment, and compromises adherence. Despite the results seen elsewhere, this association was not statistically significant in this investigation.…”

Illness Experience in a Very Low Income/Poor District of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: Tuberculosis, Medication Adherence and Common Mental Disorders

“…The knowledge, perceptions, beliefs, and expectations that the patient has on the disease and its treatment may influence the way of dealing with the disease itself [50]. Other factors, such as anxiety about the possible adverse effects, the possibility of forgetting to take medication, the frustration with the health care team, and the lack of personal motivation, can also adversely affect the continuity of treatment [51].…”