Paddle Mixer-Extrusion Reactor for Torrefaction and Pyrolysis

Zinchik, Stas

doi:10.37099/mtu.dc.etdr/906

Cited by 1 publication

(4 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…As an effect of torrefaction performed in inert atmosphere at 200-300 • C, the same physical and chemical properties of raw biomass change as follows: its moisture decreases, energy density and heating values increase, O/C and H/C ratios decrease, it becomes hydrophobic, its grindability becomes better and its properties change from heterogeneous to more homogeneous [38,39]. Different names for torrefaction include: biomass carbonization, roasting, slow-and mild pyrolysis, wood cooking and high-temperature drying [34].…”

Section: Torrefactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reactors for biomass slow (carbonization) and fast biomass pyrolysis are very similar [39], and sometimes even identical. As all devices for anaerobic, thermal conversion of biomass, these reactors must be hermetic to avoid any uncontrolled supply of air, which may burn the biochar, destroy the installation and even cause a fire.…”

Section: Torrefaction Reactors and Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…in direct contact with the feedstock. In the second, indirect mode heating application separates the heating media from the biomass by a conductive barrier such as metal walls [39,47]. Biomass can also be heated by microwaves at a frequency of 2.4 GHz.…”

Section: Torrefaction Reactors and Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The same auger reactor used for torrefaction of biomass, but for a feed rate of 60 kg/h, temperature t = 265 • C, and retention time of 30 min is described in [54]. The auger reactors studied in the paper [39] have screws with mixing paddles and cut flighting, which intensify mixing and heat transfer.…”

Section: Auger Reactormentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermal Biomass Conversion: A Review

Lewandowski

Ryms

Kosakowski³

2020

Processes

100

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In this paper, the most important methods of thermal conversion of biomass, such as: hydrothermal carbonization (180–250 °C), torrefaction (200–300 °C), slow pyrolysis (carbonization) (300–450 °C), fast pyrolysis (500–800 °C), gasification (800–1000 °C), supercritical steam gasification, high temperature steam gasification (>1000 °C) and combustion, were gathered, compared and ranked according to increasing temperature. A comprehensive model of thermal conversion as a function of temperature, pressure and heating rate of biomass has been provided. For the most important, basic process, which is pyrolysis, five mechanisms of thermal decomposition kinetics of its components (lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose) were presented. The most important apparatuses and implementing devices have been provided for all biomass conversion methods excluding combustion. The process of combustion, which is energy recycling, was omitted in this review of biomass thermal conversion methods for two reasons. Firstly, the range of knowledge on combustion is too extensive and there is not enough space in this study to fully discuss it. Secondly, the authors believe that combustion is not an environmentally-friendly method of waste biomass utilization, and, in the case of valuable biomass, it is downright harmful. Chemical compounds contained in biomass, such as biochar, oils and gases, should be recovered and reused instead of being simply burnt—this way, non-renewable fuel consumption can be reduced.

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Section: Torrefactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Torrefaction Reactors and Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Torrefaction Reactors and Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Auger Reactormentioning

confidence: 99%

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