Pain Management After Surgery: A Brief Review

Shoar, Saeed; Esmaeili, Sara; Safari, Saeid

doi:10.5812/aapm.3443

Cited by 11 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Pain control is a multi-modal approach (6, 7, 22), so all the studies and all pharmacologic interventions try to find better ways to for pain control. Our study had some limitations, but generally showed that attenuation of post-operative pain through magnesium added to opioids suggests a new pharmacologic therapy to control better post-operative pain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Second, the extensive use of magnesium sulphate in obstetric practice makes the anesthesiologists familiar with the pharmacological action of this drug and its interaction with anesthetic agents. Third, it’s some properties may be valuable in certain areas of anesthetic practice (5-7). As mentioned above, we need to use some methods or drugs to decrease the dosage of opioid (opioid sparing effect).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Magnesium Sulfate and Sufentanil for Patient-Controlled Analgesia in Orthopedic Surgery

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background:Postoperative analgesia is one of the concerns of anesthesiologists and patients. Systemic opioid administration is the gold standard in reducing the severe pain after the surgery but some side effects prevent the use of adequate dosage of opioids.Objectives:The aim of this study was to evaluate the result of adding magnesium sulphate to sufentanil in patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) system.Patients and Methods:In this randomized clinical trial, 60 patients candidate for lower limb orthopedic surgery were recruited in Poursina Medical Center for six months. They were randomly classified in two group of patient-controlled intravenous analgesia for postoperative pain control, one was group S [(sufentanil) (n = 30)] and the other was group S + M [(magnesium sulphate/sufentanil) (n = 30)]. The drug infusion rate was 5 mL/h. Each mL of solution in group S contained 1 mcg of sufentanil and in group M + S, 1 mcg of sufentanil and 200 mcg magnesium sulphate, respectively. Pain score, sedation score, satisfaction score, nausea and vomiting score were evaluated 6, 12, 24, 36 and 48 hours after surgery.Results:The demographic data between two groups were not significantly different. The pain scores after 6, 12 and 24 hours in S and S + M groups were significantly different. But the comparison of Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores after 36 and 48 hours didn’t show significant differences (P < 0.001). Comparison of the sedation, nausea and vomiting scores between two groups did not show any difference. But the number of patient’s satisfaction in S + M group was more than S group which suggests significant differences (P < 0.05).Conclusions:This study showed that magnesium sulphate added to sufentanil through PCIA is an effective method to alleviate pain in patients undergoing lower limb orthopedic surgery. Moreover, we found fewer side effects on magnesium-sufentanil regimen in terms of in nausea, vomiting, and sedation; and patients’ satisfaction in this regimen was more rather than that in the regiment of sufentanil alone.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnesium Sulfate and Sufentanil for Patient-Controlled Analgesia in Orthopedic Surgery

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Cesarean section constitutes a public health priority (1, 11) because it is one of the main surgeries in the obstetrics and gynecologist wards and its rate is increasing due to increased marital age, legal issues in obstetric/gynecologic ward, and socio-economic status of the community, and prevention of its postoperative complications is of great importance (2). One of the main postoperative complications of cesarean is pain (3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analgesic Efficacy of Diclofenac and Paracetamol vs. Meperidine in Cesarean Section

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background:One of the most important complications in cesarean surgery is postoperative pain, and different ways have been proposed to control it.Objectives:The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of Diclofenac and Paracetamol combination in comparison with Meperidine on postoperative pain after cesarean surgery.Patients and Methods:One hundred and twenty women candidates for elective cesarean section under spinal anesthesia categorized as ASA class I were selected and randomly assigned to receive either Diclofenac suppository at the end of the operation and thereafter 1 gram infused bolus of Paracetamol (group A), or 20 mg bolus of Meperidine after transition to recovery room (group B) to control postoperative pain.Results:Postoperative pain was present in recovery in 38.3% and 23.3% in groups B and A, respectively (P = 0.009). Postoperative pain was seen after six hours of operation in 38.7% and 16.7% in groups B and A, respectively (P = 0.010). Postoperative pain was present after 12 hours of operation in 38.3% and 15% in groups B and A, respectively (P = 0.002). The additive Meperidine use was the same between the two groups in recovery (P > 0.05). The additive Meperidine use was seen after six hours of operation in 26.7% and 6.7% in groups B and A, respectively (P = 0.013). The additive Meperidine use was seen after 12 hours of operation in 16.7% and none of the patients in groups B and A, respectively (P = 0.004). The frequency of drug adverse effects was the same between the two groups (P > 0.05).Conclusions:Totally, according to the obtained results it may be concluded that Paracetamol and Diclofenac combination would have a better efficacy in postoperative pain control and need reduction to additive analgesia compared to Meperidine.

show abstract

“…Postoperative pain affects the patients’ operative outcome (11) and since 1990, the effect of magnesium on postoperative pain and its effect on postoperative opioid consumption, has been studied on gynecologic surgery, ophthalmic surgery, arthroscopic, and lumbar interventions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnesium Can Decrease Postoperative Physiological Ileus and Postoperative Pain in Major non Laparoscopic Gastrointestinal Surgeries: A Randomized Controlled Trial

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundMagnesium is an antagonist of (N-methyl D-Aspartate) NMDA receptor and its related canals, and may affect perceived pain.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of intravenous magnesium on the hemodynamic parameters, analgesic consumption and ileus.Patients and MethodsA randomized, double blind, placebo controlled study was performed. Thirty two patients of ASA I or II, scheduled for major gastrointestinal (GI) surgery, were divided into magnesium and control groups. Magnesium group received a bolus of 40 mg/kg of magnesium sulphate, followed by a continuous perfusion of 10 mg/kg/h for the intraoperative hours. Postoperative analgesia was ensured by Morphine patient–controlled analgesia (PCA). The patients were evaluated by Intraoperative hemodynamic parameters, the postoperative pain by numeral rating scale (NRS), and the total dose of intraoperative and postoperative analgesic consumption. Postoperative hemodynamic, respiratory parameters, physiological gastrointestinal obstruction (ileus), and side effects were also recorded.ResultsThe study included 14 males and 18 females. Age range of patients was 17 to 55 years old. The average age in the magnesium group was 41.33 ± 10.06 years and45.13 ± 11.74 years in control group. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) of magnesium group decreased during the operation but increased in control group (P < 0.001), and systemic vascular resistance (SVR) of magnesium group decreased during the operation also (P < 0.02) but increased in control group. Postoperative cumulative Morphine consumption in magnesium group, was significantly in lower level (P = 0.026). For NRS, severe pain was significantly lower, in magnesium group, at all intervals of postoperative evaluations, but moderate and mild pain were not lower significantly. Duration of postoperative ileus was 2.3 ± 0.5 days in magnesium group, and 4.2 ± 0.6 days in control group (P = 0.01).ConclusionsIntravenous magnesium reduces postoperative ileus, postoperative severe pain and intra/post operative analgesic requirements in patients after major GI surgery. No side effects of magnesium in these doses were seen, so it seems to be beneficial along with routine general anesthesia in major GI surgeries.

show abstract

Pain Management After Surgery: A Brief Review

Cited by 11 publications

References 21 publications

Magnesium Sulfate and Sufentanil for Patient-Controlled Analgesia in Orthopedic Surgery

Magnesium Sulfate and Sufentanil for Patient-Controlled Analgesia in Orthopedic Surgery

Analgesic Efficacy of Diclofenac and Paracetamol vs. Meperidine in Cesarean Section

Magnesium Can Decrease Postoperative Physiological Ileus and Postoperative Pain in Major non Laparoscopic Gastrointestinal Surgeries: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About