Pairing interactions and one-nucleon separation energies

Abstract

Empirical proton-neutron, proton-proton, and neutron-neutron paring and so-called nonpairing interactions are extracted by using experimental data of binding energies. Nonpairing interactions, δV (2) pp and δV (2) nn , are very sensitive to the shell and subshell evolution, the phase transition, and the Wigner effect. Odd-even staggerings of one-nucleon separation energies are discussed in terms of empirical pairing interactions.

Improved Jänecke mass formula

“…The local mass formulas predict the mass of a nucleus by using available experimental data of its neighboring nuclei, i.e., by extrapolation. We mention three methods of local mass relations: the Audi-Wasptra extrapolation [8][9][10][11], mass relations connected with neutronproton (n-p) interactions [12][13][14][15][16], and the Garvey-Kelson mass relations (GKs) [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34].…”

Predictions of nuclear charge radii*

“…The empirical formula for given by Ref. [55] is In Fig. 1 (a), we plot the deviations between the experimental values of (denoted by ) and calculated using Eq.…”

“…( 3); it can also be calculated using other theoretical databases, as discussed in Ref. [55], the most accurate of which is the WS* model [22]. The theoretical uncertainties of are calculated following the method in Ref.…”

“…[46]. The second is the relations of the charge-radius difference of two isotopes, denoted by (where is an integer), and the RMSD for the case of is 0.0050 fm for 651 nuclei with the neutron number larger than 20 and three abnormal regions excluded [55].…”

Reconstitution of local mass relations

“…A lthough these values can be extracted from various m ass m odels, the theoretical accuracy is not satisfactory, partly due to the uncertainties o f relevant masses. T here have been m any efforts to study one and twonucleon separation energies based on various considerations [18][19][20][21],…”