Palaeoenvironmental evolution in the coastal plain of Baixo Ribeira during the shell mounds occupation.

Abstract

A análise palinológica e diatomológica do perfil sedimentar de uma turfeira da região do Baixo Ribeira de Iguape (estado de São Paulo, Brasil), mostrou mudanças significativas nas condições ambientais. Antes de 3.250 anos AP a região era recoberta por águas salobras em conexão com o mar, depois ela foi ocupada por uma floresta paludosa. A penetração do mar está relacionada à transgressão marinha que culminou há 5.100 anos AP. A descida do nível do mar foi progressiva de 5.100 anos AP até o presente, sem oscilações notáveis. Esta mudança radical das condições ambientais pode explicar a distribuição geográfica dos sítios arqueológicos da região, em particular a presença de sambaquis a 50 km da costa.

Tetrapod biodiversity in sambaquis from southern Brazil

“…The Brazilian coast displays several archeological sites (Figuti 1993, Bissa et al 2000, with sambaquis being one of the most common and intensely studied (Villagran 2013, Scheel-Ybert 2019. Dating from 8,000 to 1,000 years BP (before present), sambaquis are shell mounds built by pre-Columbian populations that inhabited the Atlantic Forest on the Brazilian coast (Lima 1999), mainly in the south and southeast regions of the country (Souza et al 2010, Villagran 2013.…”

The paleoenvironment of southeastern São Paulo: contributions from Itapeva shelter to a discussion on anthropic and natural insertion

“…We therefore collected specific data from different paleoenvironmental natures at Morro de Itapeva, located in Campos do Jordão, 22°47'S, 45°32'W (Behling 1997a); Fazenda Boa Vista, located in Baixo Vale do Ribeira, 24°36'18"S, 47°38'33"W (Bissa et al, 2000;Silva 2014); Núcleo Curucutu, Serra do Mar, 23°59'14.4"S, 46° 45'58" (Moffato 2005;Saia 2006); and Abrigo de Itapeva,Itapeva,24°03'51"S,48° 58' 26"W,for comparisons. Serra da Mantiqueira [Mantiqueira Mountains] is a well-studied area in the state of São Paulo, which reconstituted paleoenvironmental data features on studies concerning ancient vegetation, climate history, and human populations. Behling's study (1997a) on the period ranging from 9,900 to 2,610 years BP shows low grassland taxa (40-58%) due to a decrease in grasses (24-39%) and monocots (2-4%), andrecords increased Araucaria Forest taxa (4-8%) due to an increase in low crown trees (Behling 1997a).…”

“…Palynological analyses conducted at Vale do Ribeira in the early 2000s showed significant changes in environmental conditions before 3,250 years BP, revealing a region covered by brackish waters in connection with the sea before being occupied by a swamp forest (Bissa et al, 2000).…”