Paleotsunami research

Rhodes, Brady P.; Tuttle, Martitia P.; Horton, Benjamin P.; Doner, Lisa A.; Kelsey, Harvey M.; Nelson, Alan R.; Cisternas, Marco

doi:10.1029/2006eo210002

Cited by 31 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Rare parallel laminations are interpreted to occur only if there is a slower deposition during the backwash process. Tsunami deposit sedimentary structure characteristics are in contrast to storm or tidal deposit which generally consists of interbedded sandstones with foreset stratifications and planar stratifications with channel structures (Tuttle et al 2004;Rhodes et al 2006). Tsunami deposits also generally occur more towards landward than storm deposit (Tuttle et al 2004).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The next step is sediment layers observation and to obtain sketch of the sediment layer sequence on the walls of each trench. Generally, paleotsunami sediments are relatively loose, light-coloured sandstone overlies on top of darker coloured of paleosoil layers (remnant former soil) such as surface soil (Yawsangratt et al 2012;Rhodes et al 2006). This is due to light-coloured sandy materials being brought from beach and shallow marine environments.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Age determination of paleotsunami sediments around Lombok Island, Indonesia, and identification of their possible tsunamigenic earthquakes

et al. 2017

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age determination of paleotsunami sediments around Lombok Island, Indonesia, and identification of their possible tsunamigenic earthquakes

et al. 2017

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“…To address, Rhodes et al [103] wondered whether a record of paleotsunamis exists in the near offshore stratigraphic record. Significant attention was given to at a site off Caesarea, Israel, in which the shoreline to 30 m water depths was found to provide ample evidence that the near offshore record is an important tsunami deposit archive.…”

Section: Other Key Advances Since the 2004 Boxing Day Tsunamimentioning

confidence: 99%

Tsunamis: bridging science, engineering and society

Kânoğlu

Titov

Bernard

et al. 2015

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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Tsunamis are high-impact, long-duration disasters that in most cases allow for only minutes of warning before impact. Since the 2004 Boxing Day tsunami, there have been significant advancements in warning methodology, pre-disaster preparedness and basic understanding of related phenomena. Yet, the trail of destruction of the 2011 Japan tsunami, broadcast live to a stunned world audience, underscored the difficulties of implementing advances in applied hazard mitigation. We describe state of the art methodologies, standards for warnings and summarize recent advances in basic understanding, and identify cross-disciplinary challenges. The stage is set to bridge science, engineering and society to help build up coastal resilience and reduce losses.

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“…Minoura et al 1997;Dawson and Shi 2000;Rhodes et al 2006;Weiss and Bahlburg 2006;Keating et al 2008). However, only few studies were dedicated to post-depositional changes and the preservation potential of tsunami deposits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The post-depositional changes of the onshore 2004 tsunami deposits on the Andaman Sea coast of Thailand

Szczuciński

2011

Nat Hazards

159

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The Indian Ocean tsunami flooded the coastal zone of the Andaman Sea and left tsunami deposits with a thickness of a few millimetres to tens of centimetres over a roughly one-kilometre-wide tsunami inundation zone. The preservation potential and the post-depositional changes of the onshore tsunami deposits in the coastal plain setting, under conditions of a tropical climate with high seasonal rainfall, were assessed by reinvestigating trenches located along 13 shore-perpendicular transects; the trenches were documented shortly after the tsunami and after 1, 2, 3 and 4 years. The tsunami deposits were found preserved after 4 years at only half of the studied sites. In about 30% of the sites, the tsunami deposits were not preserved due to human activity; in a further 20% of the sites, the thin tsunami deposits were eroded or not recognised due to new soil formation. The most significant changes took place during the first rainy season when the relief of the tsunami deposits was levelled; moderate sediment redeposition took place, and fine surface sediments were washed away, which frequently left a residual layer of coarse sand and gravel. The fast recovery of new plant cover stabilised the tsunami deposits and protected them against further remobilisation during the subsequent years. After five rainy seasons, tsunami deposits with a thickness of at least a few centimetres were relatively well preserved; however, their internal structures were often significantly blurred by roots and animal bioturbation. Moreover, soil formation within the deposits caused alterations, and in the case of thin layers, it was not possible to recognise them anymore. Tsunami boulders were only slightly weathered but not moved. Among the various factors influencing the preservation potential, the thickness of the original tsunami deposits is the most important. A comparison between the first post-tsunami survey and the preserved record suggests that tsunamis with a run-up smaller than three metres are not likely to be preserved; for larger tsunamis, only about 50% of their inundation area is likely to be presented by the preserved extent of the tsunami deposits. Any modelling of paleotsunamis from their deposits must take into account post-depositional changes.

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Paleotsunami research

Cited by 31 publications

References 10 publications

Age determination of paleotsunami sediments around Lombok Island, Indonesia, and identification of their possible tsunamigenic earthquakes

Age determination of paleotsunami sediments around Lombok Island, Indonesia, and identification of their possible tsunamigenic earthquakes

Tsunamis: bridging science, engineering and society

The post-depositional changes of the onshore 2004 tsunami deposits on the Andaman Sea coast of Thailand

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