Palladium nanoparticles supported on chitin-based nanomaterials as heterogeneous catalysts for the Heck coupling reaction

Abstract

In this report, chitin and chitosan nanocrystals were used as biomass-based supports for Pd nanoparticles (NPs) used as a heterogeneous catalyst for the Heck coupling reaction. By using a one-pot fabrication method, a Pd salt precursor was directly reduced and deposited onto these nanocrystal catalysts. Characterization of these nanocomposites showed disperse Pd NPs on the surfaces of the chitinous nanocrystals. Heck coupling model reactions revealed full product yield in relatively benign conditions, outcompeting the use of other catalysts supported on biomass-based nanomaterials, including cellulose nanocrystals. These initial results show the potential for using chitinous nanomaterials as effective catalyst supports in cross-coupling reactions.

Nanochitin for sustainable and advanced manufacturing

“…146 By directly reducing PdCl 2 salt in a one-pot fashion, Pd NPs were deposited on the chitin nanocrystals and formed catalysts. 139 The transmission elec-tron microscopy images of the nanocomposites showed welldispersed Pd NPs on the surface of the nanochitin crystals. The authors employed Heck coupling as the model reaction for testing the Pd NP-chitin catalyst, obtaining a full product yield under mild conditions, outperforming the use of other biomass-supported catalysts, such as cellulose nanocrystals.…”

“…The metal catalysts that can be supported by nanochitin include metal nanoparticles such as palladium, platinum, gold, and silver. Taking palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) as an example, nanochitin-supported Pd NPs have been used as catalysts for the Heck coupling reaction 139 and waste water treatment. 146 By directly reducing PdCl 2 salt in a one-pot fashion, Pd NPs were deposited on the chitin nanocrystals and formed hetero-structured catalysts.…”

Supported Metal Nanoparticles Assisted Catalysis: A Broad Concept in Functionalization of Ubiquitous C−H Bonds

“…Recently in 2020, Jin et al. reported a one‐pot fabrication method to fabricate heterogeneous catalyst for the Heck coupling reaction where PdCl 2 was directly reduced and deposited onto chitin nanocrystals (ChNCs) and chitosan nanocrystals (ChsNCs) as sustainable biomass‐based supports for Pd NPs [94] . Characterization of these nanocomposites displayed disperse Pd NPs on the surfaces of the nanocrystals.…”

Meglumine Encapsulated CuI: A Green Heterogeneous Catalyst Derived from Low Value Biomass Meglumine to Access 1,2,3-Triazole Scaffolds

“…Nowadays, biomass-to-chemical technologies have driven interest in the designing of catalysts, and it is considered as an impactful tool due to their ecological and economical concern. For instance, biopolymers such as β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), , cellulose, , starch, , and chitin , were habitually used as a solid support for the construction of such type of catalysts. To accomplish the sustainability goals, we aim to reduce overall consumption of multi-steps.…”