Palladium nanoparticles supported on modified hollow Fe₃O₄@TiO₂: Preparation, characterization, and catalytic activity in Suzuki cross‐coupling reactions

Abstract

Hollow Fe3O4@TiO2‐NH2/Pd as a light‐weight, magnetically heterogeneous catalyst was successfully prepared, and characterized by using different techniques including X‐ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), field‐emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) measurements, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Then this heterogeneous catalyst was tested in the Suzuki cross‐coupling reaction, and the results confirmed the success of this method. The catalyst could be separated easily using an external magnet and reused at least in five runs successfully without any appreciable loss in its catalytic activity.

Rapid one-pot synthesis of magnetically separable Fe3O4–Pd nanocatalysts: a highly reusable catalyst for the Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reaction

“…6, Fe 3 O 4 –Pd 50 retained its high activity (96% yield) after reactions were completed within 1 h for ten cycles. The Fe 3 O 4 –Pd 50 catalyst demonstrated much better reusability than similar reported catalysts 26–32 as shown in Table 4. In order to know the changes in the Fe 3 O 4 –Pd 50 after 10 reaction cycles, we used ICP, TEM, XPS, XRD, and TGA as shown in Table S3, Fig.…”

Magnetic selenium and nitrogen dual‐doped mesoporous carbon for immobilization of Pd nanoparticles: The utilitarian heterogeneous catalyst in Heck‐cross coupling reaction

“…Moreover, due to the small amount of the Pd (0), the characteristic peaks of this NPs were not observed in the related spectra. [19,[29][30][31] But the successful stabilization of Pd (0) on the surface of the Se-mCN/Fe 3 O 4 was verified by EDS methods.…”

Pd embedded N, S co‐doped graphene wrapped core‐shell magnetic nanospheres: Engineered stable nanocatalyst for Suzuki couplings

“…In order to evaluate the efficiency of the Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 @N,S‐wG@Pd core‐shell catalyst, the results of its catalytic activity in the coupling of bromobenzene with phenylboronic acid were compared with some other Pd supported catalysts reported, previously (Table ) . As seen, the catalyst indicated higher performance than some of the previously reported catalysts in terms of using less reaction times, high stability, and also better isolated yields.…”