Pan over the Arctic; Observations during AGASP-2 in April 1986

Bottenheim, J. W.; Gallant, A.

doi:10.1007/bf00052839

Cited by 38 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…7 have also been measured by e.g. Bottenheim and Gallant (1989), who report on PAN-vmrs of up to 300 pptv at 7 km altitude at 70 • N and attribute their observations to arctic haze episodes caused by industrial pollution.…”

Section: Comparison With Other Space-and Airborne Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 74%

Global peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) retrieval in the upper troposphere from limb emission spectra of the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS)

et al. 2007

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Section: Comparison With Other Space-and Airborne Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 74%

Global peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) retrieval in the upper troposphere from limb emission spectra of the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS)

et al. 2007

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“…Most of the PAN in the UT descends into the MT/LT and further enhances ozone production in the Arctic LT via thermal decomposition. This impact can extend as far as the northern mid-latitudes due to Arctic outflow which has been documented by many early studies (Bottenheim and Gallant, 1989;Honrath and Jaffe, 1992;Honrath et al, 1996;Fenneteaux et al, 1999).…”

Section: Secondary Impact Via Stt Of No Ymentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Therefore, a quantitative understanding of the stratospheric contribution to NO x in the Arctic troposphere is important in understanding NO x seasonal variations and the associated impacts on the seasonal transition in ozone photochemical production efficiency. Previous measurements have documented the presence of elevated NO y in the Arctic troposphere during winter-spring (Bottenheim and Gallant, 1989;Honrath and Jaffe, 1992;Honrath et al, 1996;Wang et al, 2003). Understanding the recycling between NO x and its reservoir species, peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) and nitric acid (HNO 3 ), is crucial to unraveling the O 3 -NO x photochemistry in the Arctic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The governing processes and timescales of stratosphere-to-troposphere transport and its contribution to ozone in the Arctic troposphere

et al. 2009

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Abstract. We used the seasonality of a combination of atmospheric trace gases and idealized tracers to examine stratosphere-to-troposphere transport and its influence on tropospheric composition in the Arctic. Maximum stratosphere-to-troposphere transport of CFCs and O 3 occurs in April as driven by the Brewer-Dobson circulation. Stratosphere-troposphere exchange (STE) occurs predominantly between 40 • N to 80 • N with stratospheric influx in the mid-latitudes (30-70 • N) accounting for 67-81% of the air of stratospheric origin in the Northern Hemisphere extratropical troposphere. Transport from the lower stratosphere to the lower troposphere (LT) takes three months on average, one month to cross the tropopause, the second month to travel from the upper troposphere (UT) to the middle troposphere (MT), and the third month to reach the LT. During downward transport, the seasonality of a trace gas can be greatly impacted by wet removal and chemistry. A comparison of idealized tracers with varying lifetimes suggests that when initialized with the same concentrations and seasonal cycles at the tropopause, trace gases that have shorter lifetimes display lower concentrations, smaller amplitudes, and earlier seasonal maxima during transport to the LT. STE contributes to O 3 in the Arctic troposphere directly from the transport of O 3 and indirectly from the transport of NO y . Direct transport of O 3 from the stratosphere accounts for 78% of O 3 in the Arctic UT with maximum contributions occurring from March to May. The stratospheric contribuCorrespondence to: Q. Liang (Qing.Liang@nasa.gov) tion decreases significantly in the MT/LT (20-25% of total O 3 ) and shows a very weak March-April maximum. Our NO x budget analysis in the Arctic UT shows that during spring and summer, the stratospheric injection of NO y -rich air increases NO x concentrations above the 20 pptv threshold level, thereby shifting the Arctic UT from a regime of net photochemical ozone loss to one of net production with rates as high as +16 ppbv/month.

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“…The mixing ratios of atmospheric PAN range from tens pptv (parts per trillion by volume) in remote areas (Bottenheim and Gallant, 1989;Moore and Remedios, 2010;Singh and Salas, 1983) to several ppbv (parts per billion by volume) in cities (Duane et al, 2002;Grosjean et al, 2002;Lee et al, 2008;McFadyen and Cape, 2005). In China, photochemical pollution has gradually provoked much concern with extensive studies of O 3 and VOCs (Shao et al, 2006(Shao et al, , 2009Wang et al, 2003Wang et al, , 2006Xu et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Summertime distributions of peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) and peroxypropionyl nitrate (PPN) in Beijing: Understanding the sources and major sink of PAN

Zhang

Li-hua

et al. 2015

Atmospheric Environment

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a b s t r a c tPeroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN), a major secondary pollutant in the atmosphere, has received much concern for its particular importance in atmospheric chemistry and adverse effects on human and plants. Atmospheric PAN and PPN were measured by using a gas chromatograph equipped with electron capture detector (GC-ECD) from June to September 2010, and the source and major sink for PAN were firstly studied in Beijing. The distinct diurnal variations of PAN and PPN with maximum in the afternoon were observed, and the mean and maximum values were 2.61 ± 2.57 ppbv (N ¼ 839) and 12.5 ppbv for PAN and 0.52 ± 0.38 ppbv (N ¼ 152) and 2.16 ppbv for PPN during the measuring period, respectively. Good correlation (R ¼ 0.85) between PAN and PPN with a slope (DPPN/DPAN) of 0.134 indicated that anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (AVOCs) dominated the photochemical formation of PANs in Beijing. Further, we found acetaldehyde was the predominant carbonyl precursor of PAN with the contribution of 59.7% to the total peroxyacetyl (PA) radical. Methyl glyoxal, methacrolein, acetone, methyl vinyl ketone, and biacetyl contributed 7.1%, 8.8%, 19.7%, 3.4%, and 1.3% to total PA radical, respectively. Anti-correlation between PAN concentrations and the NO/NO 2 ratios was found during the whole investigating period. In addition, the amount of PAN lost by thermal decomposition (TPAN) accounted for remarkable fractions of PAN observed under high temperature during both daytime and nighttime.

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Pan over the Arctic; Observations during AGASP-2 in April 1986

Abstract: During three of the flights with the NOAA P3 Orion over the

Cited by 38 publications

References 27 publications

Global peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) retrieval in the upper troposphere from limb emission spectra of the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS)

Global peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) retrieval in the upper troposphere from limb emission spectra of the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS)

The governing processes and timescales of stratosphere-to-troposphere transport and its contribution to ozone in the Arctic troposphere

Summertime distributions of peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) and peroxypropionyl nitrate (PPN) in Beijing: Understanding the sources and major sink of PAN

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