Pancreatic Islet Function in ω3 Fatty Acid-Depleted Rats: Glucose Metabolism and Nutrient-Stimulated Insulin Release

Oguzhan, Berrin; Zhang, Ying; Louchami, Karim; Courtois, Philippe; Portois, Laurence; Chardigny, Jean‐Michel; Malaisse, Willy; Carpentier, Yvon; Sener, Abdullah

doi:10.1385/endo:29:3:457

Cited by 37 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…It has been reported that the lipid fraction of O. ficus-indica seed oil contains polyunsaturated fatty acids (linoleic acid) and monounsaturated fatty acids (oleic acid), and the unsaponifiable fraction contains liposoluble vitamins (tocopherols, vitamin K1), sterols, and carotenoids (b-carotene) (Ennouri et al, 2005;Mannoubi et al, 2009;Oguzhan et al, 2006;Ramadan & Morsel, 2003). The omega-3 fatty acids increase the insulin secretion stimulated by D-glucose by contact with Langerhans islet beta cells (Oguzhan et al, 2006). In addition, polyunsaturated fatty acids enhance cell membrane fluidity and GLUT4 transporter expression (Manco et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of antidiabetic properties of cactus pear seed oil in rats

Berraaouan

Ziyyat

Mekhfi

et al. 2014

Pharmaceutical Biology

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Context: Cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. (Cactaceae)) is a medicinal plant widely used to treat diabetes. Objective: This work investigates the hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic effect of cactus pear seed oil (CPSO), its mechanism of action, and any toxic effects. Materials and methods: The hypoglycemic effect of CPSO was evaluated in groups of six healthy Wistar rats given 1 or 2 ml kg À1 orally and compared with groups receiving glibenclamide (2 mg kg À1 ) or water. Glycemia was determined after 30, 60, 120, 240, and 360 min. The antihyperglycemic effect of CPSO was determined in healthy rats and in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (STZ); normal rats received 0.8 ml kg À1 CPSO, while diabetic rats received 1 ml kg À1 CPSO, their controls received water or 2 mg kg À1 glibenclamide. For the antihyperglycemic effect evaluation, all the animals were fasted for 16 h before treatment and received glucose orally at 1 g kg À1 30 min after treatment; blood was taken after 30, 90, 150, and 210 min. Intestinal glucose absorption was estimated in rat jejunum perfused with a solution containing 5.55 mmol l À1 glucose. Acute toxicity was determined in albino mice that received oral or intraperitoneal doses of 1, 3, or 5 ml kg À1 CPSO. Results: CPSO (p.o.) decreased postprandial hyperglycemia (60 min after glucose loading), 40.33% and 16.01%, in healthy and STZ-diabetic glucose-loaded rats, respectively. CPSO, also, significantly decreased intestinal glucose absorption by 25.42%. No adverse effects were seen in mice administered CPSO at up to 5 ml kg À1. Conclusion: CPSO is antihyperglycemic. The effect can be explained partly by inhibition of intestinal glucose absorption.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of antidiabetic properties of cactus pear seed oil in rats

Berraaouan

Ziyyat

Mekhfi

et al. 2014

Pharmaceutical Biology

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“…The procedure used to prepare second generation ω3-depleted rats and the diet offered to these rats were defined in a prior report (3). Some of these rats were injected intravenously 60 min before sacrifice with 1.0 ml of either an ω3 fatty acid-rich medium-chain triglyceride:fish oil emulsion (MCT:FO) or a control ω3 fatty acid-poor medium-chain triglyceride:olive oil emulsion (MCT:OO) (3).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid lipid enrichment in ω3 fatty acids: Plasma data

Carpentier¹,

Peltier²,

Portois³

et al. 2008

Int J Mol Med

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Abstract. The bolus intravenous injection of a novel mediumchain triglyceride:fish oil emulsion to normal subjects was recently reported to enrich within 60 min the phospholipid content of leucocytes and platelets in long-chain polyunsaturated ω3 fatty acids. The present study, conducted in second generation ω3-depleted rats, aimed at investigating whether such a procedure may also increase within 60 min the phospholipid content of ω3 fatty acids in cells located outwards the bloodstream, in this case liver cells, and whether this coincides with correction of the perturbation in the liver triglyceride fatty acid content and profile otherwise prevailing in these rats. This first report deals mainly with the fatty acid pattern of plasma lipids in male ω3-depleted rats that were non-injected or injected with either the ω3-rich emulsion or a control medium-chain triglyceride:olive oil emulsion. The results provide information on the fate of the exogenous lipids present in the lipid emulsions and injected intravenously 60 min before sacrifice. Moreover, in the uninjected ω3-depleted rats the comparison between individual plasma and liver measurements indicated positive correlations in the fatty acid profile of phospholipids and triglycerides.

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“…Taken as a whole, these results suggest that, in the (Fsal) rats, a modest improvement of insulin sensitivity was opposed, in terms of glucose homeostasis, by a decreased secretory response of insulin-producing cells to a rise in plasma D-glucose concentration. The latter situation is reminiscent of that recorded in isolated pancreatic islets, when comparing the insulinotropic action of several secretagogues in islets from 2nd generation ω3-depleted rats to that of control animals both exposed to diets not enriched with D-fructose, the output of insulin being higher in the ω3-depleted rats than in the control animals (11,12).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

The metabolic syndrome of fructose-fed rats: Effects of long-chain polyunsaturated ω3 and ω6 fatty acids. I. Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test

et al. 2011

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Abstract. The present series of experiments aim mainly at investigating the possible influence of changes in the com position of dietary lipids (sunflower oil, salmon oil, safflower oil) upon the metabolic syndrome found in rats exposed to a fructose-rich diet. For purpose of comparison, a control group of rats received the sunflower oil diet with substitution of fructose by starch. An intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test, performed after overnight starvation fifty days after the start of the experiments at the 6th week after birth, indicated, as expected, impaired tolerance to glucose and deterioration of insulin sensitivity (HOMA index), without changes in the insulinogenic index, when comparing the fructose-fed rats to the starch-fed rats both exposed to the sunflower oil diet. In the fructose-fed rats, enrichment of the diet by long-chain polyunsaturated ω3 fatty acids supplied by salmon oil, a modest improvement of insulin sensitivity was opposed, in term of glucose homeostasis, by a decreased secretory response to glucose of insulin-producing cells. Last, in the fructose-fed rats, the partial substitution of sunflower oil by safflower oil rich in long-chain polyunsaturated ω6 fatty acids further deteriorated glucose homeostasis, with a higher mean HOMA index and a severe decrease of the insulinogenic index. These findings justify further investigations on such items as the time course for changes in metabolic and hormonal variables and both the metabolic and secretory responses of isolated pancreatic islets to selected nutrient secretagogues. IntroductionA metabolic syndrome with insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia and hypertension is known to prevail in rats exposed to a high dietary supply of D-fructose (1). Attention was recently drawn to both the comparison between rats exposed to either a fructose-enriched diet or fructose-enriched drinking water, as well as the reversibility of the fructose-induced metabolic perturbations (2).Rats deprived of a dietary supply of long-chain polyunsaturated ω3 fatty acids also develop a metabolic syndrome with liver steatosis, visceral obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension and resulting cardiac hypertrophy (3-8).The present experiments aim mainly at exploring the effects of long-chain polyunsaturated ω3 and ω6 fatty acids in rats exposed from the 8th week after birth and for the ensuing 8 weeks to a fructose-enriched diet. More precisely, a first comparison deals with rats fed a sunflower oil diet and given access to either a control diet or a fructose-enriched diet obtained by substitution of starch by D-fructose. In this first comparison, the two diets contained 5.0% (w/w) sunflower oil, containing <0.1% of its total fatty acid content as long-chain polyunsaturated ω3 fatty acids. In the second set of com parisons, the just-mentioned rats exposed to the fructose-rich and sunflower oil-containing diet served as the control fructose-fed rats. In another group of rats, part of the sunflower oil (1.6%, w/w) in the fructose-rich diet was replaced by an equal amount...

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Pancreatic Islet Function in ω3 Fatty Acid-Depleted Rats: Glucose Metabolism and Nutrient-Stimulated Insulin Release

Cited by 37 publications

References 17 publications

Evaluation of antidiabetic properties of cactus pear seed oil in rats

Evaluation of antidiabetic properties of cactus pear seed oil in rats

Rapid lipid enrichment in ω3 fatty acids: Plasma data

The metabolic syndrome of fructose-fed rats: Effects of long-chain polyunsaturated ω3 and ω6 fatty acids. I. Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test

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