Pancreatic Secretion

Owyang, Chung; Williams, John A.

doi:10.1002/9781118512074.ch25

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 327 publications

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“…In contrast, vagal pre-enteric neurons innervate all intrinsic neurons in the bladder [28]. The exocrine pancreas has a strong reliance on vagal control [29], suggesting that here also there are pre-enteric inputs to a high proportion of pancreatic neurons.…”

Section: Vagal Efferent Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 90%

The Enteric Nervous System and Gastrointestinal Innervation: Integrated Local and Central Control

Furness

Callaghan

Rivera

et al. 2014

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

655

648

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The digestive system is innervated through its connections with the central nervous system (CNS) and by the enteric nervous system (ENS) within the wall of the gastrointestinal tract. The ENS works in concert with CNS reflex and command centers and with neural pathways that pass through sympathetic ganglia to control digestive function. There is bidirectional information flow between the ENS and CNS and between the ENS and sympathetic prevertebral ganglia.The ENS in human contains 200-600 million neurons, distributed in many thousands of small ganglia, the great majority of which are found in two plexuses, the myenteric and submucosal plexuses. The myenteric plexus forms a continuous network that extends from the upper esophagus to the internal anal sphincter. Submucosal ganglia and connecting fiber bundles form plexuses in the small and large intestines, but not in the stomach and esophagus. The connections between the ENS and CNS are carried by the vagus and pelvic nerves and sympathetic pathways. Neurons also project from the ENS to prevertebral ganglia, the gallbladder, pancreas and trachea.The relative roles of the ENS and CNS differ considerably along the digestive tract. Movements of the striated muscle esophagus are determined by neural pattern generators in the CNS. Likewise the CNS has a major role in monitoring the state of the stomach and, in turn, controlling its contractile activity and acid secretion, through vago-vagal reflexes. In contrast, the ENS in the small intestine and colon contains full reflex circuits, including sensory neurons, interneurons and several classes of motor neuron, through which muscle activity, transmucosal fluid fluxes, local blood flow and other functions are controlled. The CNS has control of defecation, via the defecation centers in the lumbosacral spinal cord. The importance of the ENS is emphasized by the life-threatening effects of some ENS neuropathies. By contrast, removal of vagal or sympathetic connections with the gastrointestinal tract has minor effects on GI function. Voluntary control of defecation is exerted through pelvic connections, but cutting these connections is not life-threatening and other functions are little affected.

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Section: Vagal Efferent Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 90%

The Enteric Nervous System and Gastrointestinal Innervation: Integrated Local and Central Control

Furness

Callaghan

Rivera

et al. 2014

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

655

648

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show abstract

“…The intrinsic neurons of the gallbladder control motility and the flux of water and electrolytes. In the pancreas, intrinsic neurons appear to be involved in the control of both endocrine and exocrine components, although the most complete data exist for exocrine control [25]. Nerve fibers connect the plexuses of the biliary system and the pancreas with the ganglionated plexuses of the upper small intestine [26][27][28].…”

Section: Ganglia Of the Gallbladder Biliary Ducts And Pancreasmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Enteric Nervous System and Its Extrinsic Connections

Furness

Nguyen

Nurgali

et al. 2008

Textbook of Gastroenterology

111

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“…Η μεταγευματική παγκρεατική έκκριση διαιρείται σε τρεις φάσεις: την κεφαλική, τη γαστρική και την εντερική. 33,34,42 Συγκεκριμένα, κατά τη διάρκεια της κεφαλικής φάσης τα νευρικά σήματα που εκλύονται εξαιτίας των οσφρητικών, οπτικών και γευστικών ερεθισμάτων που προηγούνται της εισόδου της τροφής στο στόμαχο και που ταυτόχρονα επιτυγχάνουν και την έκκριση του γαστρικού οξέος ευθύνονται για την απελευθέρωση της ακετυλοχολίνης στις νευρικές απολήξεις του πνευμονογαστρικού νεύρου στο πάγκρεας. Έτσι, προκαλείται έκ-κριση μέτριου ποσού ενζύμων από τις αδενοκυψέλες του παγκρέατος.…”

Section: εξωκρινής μοίραunclassified

“…Η παγκρεατική έκκριση στην εντερική φάση λαμβάνει χώρα κυρίως ως απάντηση στο ερέθισμα της εκκριματίνης, ενώ η CCK προκαλεί ακόμα μεγαλύτερη έκκριση ενζύμων. 33,34,36,42 1.3.1.β. Ρύθμιση της παγκρεατικής έκκρισης.…”

Section: εξωκρινής μοίραunclassified

Οι Μεταβολές Των Πεπτιδίων Του Εντεροινσουλινικού Άξονα Μετά Από Την Ενδοεγκεφαλοκοιλιακή Έγχυση Του Νευροπεπτιδίου Ορεξίνη-Α

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Pancreatic Secretion

Cited by 5 publications

References 327 publications

The Enteric Nervous System and Gastrointestinal Innervation: Integrated Local and Central Control

The Enteric Nervous System and Gastrointestinal Innervation: Integrated Local and Central Control

The Enteric Nervous System and Its Extrinsic Connections

Οι Μεταβολές Των Πεπτιδίων Του Εντεροινσουλινικού Άξονα Μετά Από Την Ενδοεγκεφαλοκοιλιακή Έγχυση Του Νευροπεπτιδίου Ορεξίνη-Α

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