Panton-Valentine Leukocidin-Producing Staphylococcus aureus Infection: A Case Series

Prista‐Leão, Beatriz; Abreu, Ilda; Duro, Raquel; Silva‐Pinto, André; Ceia, Filipa; Andrade, Paulo; Sobrinho‐Simões, Joana; Tavares, Margarida; Pereira, José Manuel; Santos, Lurdes; Sarmento, António

doi:10.3390/idr12030014

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Previous works have indicated that the male sex and comorbidities such as smoking, obesity and diabetes are risk factors for osteoarticular infections caused by SA PVL-producing strains [ 29 ]. In the present study, the lack of a statistically significant difference in the comparison of risk factors between the two groups could be due to the fact that the main risk factors for PVL match those for SA–PJI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The remaining two cases of PJI caused by the SA PVL-producing strains were chronic PJIs treated with a revision arthroplasty (one and two stage, respectively) and targeted antibiotic therapy for 12 weeks; these resulted in a 100% eradication rate in a medium follow-up of 24 months (range [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. The surgical treatment, antibiotic regimens, and outcome of the total PJI cases are shown in Table S3.…”

Section: Clinical Outcomes and Microbiological Associationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute Prosthetic Joint Infections with Poor Outcome Caused by Staphylococcus Aureus Strains Producing the Panton–Valentine Leukocidin

et al. 2023

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The aim of this study was to investigate whether the presence of Staphylococcus aureus (SA) producing the Panton–Valentine leukocidin (PVL) affects the outcome of Prosthetic Joint Infection (PJI). Patients with acute and chronic PJI sustained by SA were prospectively enrolled at the orthopedic unit of “Casa di Cura Santa Maria Maddalena”, from January 2019 to October 2021. PJI diagnosis was reached according to the diagnostic criteria of the International Consensus Meeting on PJI of Philadelphia. Synovial fluid obtained via joint aspirations was collected in order to isolate SA. The detection of PVL was performed via real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). The outcome assessment was performed using the criteria of the Delphi-based International Multidisciplinary Consensus. Twelve cases of PJI caused by SA were included. Nine (75%) cases were acute PJI treated using debridement, antibiotic and implant retention (DAIR); the remaining three (25%) were chronic PJI treated using two-stage (n = 2) and one-stage revision (n = 1), respectively. The SA strains that tested positive for PVL genes were 5/12 (41.6%,). Treatment failure was documented in three cases of acute PJI treated using DAIR, all supported by SA–PVL strains (p < 0.045). The remaining two cases were chronic PJI treated with a revision arthroplasty (one and two stage, respectively), with a 100% eradication rate in a medium follow-up of 24 months. Although a small case series, our study showed a 100% failure rate in acute PJI, probably caused by SA PVL-producing strains treated conservatively (p < 0.04). In this setting, toxin research should guide radical surgical treatment and targeted antibiotic therapy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Clinical Outcomes and Microbiological Associationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Prosthetic Joint Infections with Poor Outcome Caused by Staphylococcus Aureus Strains Producing the Panton–Valentine Leukocidin

et al. 2023

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“…Esta modulación de la expresión de virulencia por la CC ocurre en cepas de S. aureus susceptibles a la CC, pero se abole en cepas con resistencia constitutiva CC. 12 Otra opción de tratamiento en infección por esta bacteria es el uso de inmunoglobulina humana que actúa sobre los efectos tóxicos de PVL. Un estudio in vitro de Gauduchon y colaboradores mostró que la inmunoglobulina humana neutraliza la formación de poros y el efecto citotóxico de la PVL.…”

Section: Continuación Del Caso Clínicounclassified

Respuesta al caso clínico: abordaje de lesión ósea en adolescente previamente sano 1

2023

Revista Latinoamericana De Infectología Pediátrica

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Answer to clinical case: approach to bone lesion in previously healthy adolescent 1 Sección a cargo del Doctor Giancarlo Hernán Cristerna Tarrasa de tratamiento intravenoso con DC y 21 días con CC, presentó mejoría clínica con proteína C reactiva (PCR) de 0.8 mg/dL y velocidad de sedimentación globular (VSG) de 46 mm/h, por lo que se dio de alta a su domicilio con tratamiento oral, con cefadroxilo por 30 días, la evolución del paciente fue vigilada y, al inicio, favorable. Se mantuvo en rehabilitación, sin embargo, a los cinco meses de su egreso presentó fractura en terreno previamente dañado (fémur), lo cual originó que presentara nuevamente osteomielitis y quedara con secuelas como limitación del movimiento y acortamiento de extremidad afectada.Financiamiento: declaramos no tener ningún tipo de financiamiento al realizar esta publicación. Conflicto de intereses: declaramos no tener ningún conflicto de intereses.

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“…The predominance of CA MRSA in our study can be explained by the fact that people aged 0 to 30 years were most represented (59.7%). Younger people mostly carry CA MRSA, due to infrequent hospitalization [63]. In addition, factors like poor hygiene, socio-cultural habits in these regions of study may contribute to increased prevalence of S. aureus as it is easily transmitted by hand contact.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

High prevalence of Panton-Valentine leukocidin positive, multidrug resistant, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains circulating among clinical setups in Adamawa and Far North regions of Cameroon

et al. 2022

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Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is one of the earliest pathogens involved in human infections, responsible for a large variety of pathologies. Methicillin was the first antibiotic used to treat infections due to S. aureus but infections due to Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) originated from hospital settings. Later, severe infections due to MRSA without any contact with the hospital environment or health care workers arose. Prevalence of MRSA has shown an alarming increase worldover including Cameroon. This Cross-sectional study was designed to evaluate the occurrence of MRSA infections in five different, most frequented Hospitals in northern Cameroon. Socio demographic data was recorded through questionnaire and different clinical specimens were collected for bacterial isolation. Identification of S. aureus was confirmed via 16s rRNA amplification using S. aureus specific primers. Molecular characterisation was performed through mecA gene, Luk PV gene screening and SCCmec typing. A total of 380 S. aureus clinical isolates were obtained of which 202 (53.2%) were nonduplicate multidrug resistant isolates containing, 45.5% MRSA. Higher number of MRSA was isolated from pus (30.4%) followed by blood culture (18.5%), and urine (17.4%). Patients aged 15 to 30 years presented high prevalence of MRSA (30.4%). Majority isolates (97.8%) carried the mecA gene, PVL toxin screening indicated 53.3% isolates carried the lukPV gene. Based on PVL detection and clinical history, CA-MRSA represented 53.3% of isolates. SCCmec typing showed that the Type IV was most prevalent (29.3%), followed by type I (23.9%). Amongst MRSA isolates high resistance to penicillin (91.1%), cotrimoxazole (86.7%), tetracycline (72.2%), and ofloxacin (70.0%) was detected. Meanwhile, rifampicin, fusidic acid, lincomycin and minocycline presented high efficacy in bacterial control. This study revealed a high prevalence of MRSA among infections due to S. aureus in Northern Cameroon. All MRSA recorded were multidrug resistant and the prevalence of CA MRSA are subsequently increasing, among population.

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Panton-Valentine Leukocidin-Producing Staphylococcus aureus Infection: A Case Series

Cited by 7 publications

References 19 publications

Acute Prosthetic Joint Infections with Poor Outcome Caused by Staphylococcus Aureus Strains Producing the Panton–Valentine Leukocidin

Acute Prosthetic Joint Infections with Poor Outcome Caused by Staphylococcus Aureus Strains Producing the Panton–Valentine Leukocidin

Respuesta al caso clínico: abordaje de lesión ósea en adolescente previamente sano 1

High prevalence of Panton-Valentine leukocidin positive, multidrug resistant, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains circulating among clinical setups in Adamawa and Far North regions of Cameroon

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